摘要
晚清时期的中外条约关系具有畸形法律性质,除了占主导地位的不平等属性之外,还附带某些平等属性的内容。其中整体性平等条约,分为综合性和具体事项两大类别,均在强权政治的大背景下昙花一现。各不平等条约中又有着平等性质的条款,在权利义务的约定方面,或给对方规定相应义务以维护中国的利益,或作对等规定予以中方某种权利。还有符合近代国家关系及其交往规则的条款,或承诺尊重中国的领土主权,或对国家间的交往方式和规则作了规定。另有司法互助、海难救助、中立性质等方面的条款。这些内容居于附属地位,未能改变不平等条约关系的本质属性,但反映了中外关系的发展趋向。
The Sino - foreign treaty relationship in late Qing Dynasty had its malformed legal nature. Besides the dominant inequality property, it attached some contents of equal attributes. The integral equal treaty, divided into two big categories as comprehensive and specific matters, was a flash in the pan under the general background of the power politics. Some equal terms were found in the unequal treaties. In terms of the provisions of the rights and obligations, there might be a certain corre- sponding obligations to other opposite sides to safeguard China＇ s interests, or offered China a certain rights on an equal foot- ing. There were still some items meeting with modern international relationship and interactive rules that promised to respect China＇ s territorial sovereignty, or regulated the interactive modes as well as rules among countries. In addition, there were terms as judiciary assistance, salvage, neutrality, etc. Those contents were in a subsidiary position, which could not change the nature attributes of the unequal treaty relationship, but reflect the trend of Sino - foreign relationship.
作者
李育民
LI Yu - min(College of History and Culture, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China)
出处
《安徽史学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期5-17,共13页
Historical Research In Anhui
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"近代中外条约关系通史"(14ZDB045)
一般项目"晚清中外条约关系研究"(07BZS033)的阶段性成果
关键词
晚清
条约关系
平等内容
late Qing Dynasty
treaty relationship
equal content
