摘要
东周时期齐国修筑的齐长城,西起济南市长清区广里村南,东至胶南市于家河村入海。具体修筑年代,历来众说纷纭。近年来发现的清华简《系年》第二十章和第二十二章,记有三次晋伐齐的战事,均与齐长城有关。第一次发生在公元前441年,记有齐国始筑齐长城,为文献中所首见,使齐国始筑长城的具体年代终于明了。同时文中记载其为沿济水修筑,由此始知齐长城的完整布局,对齐长城研究具有重要价值。第二次发生在公元前430年,通过文中纪载并结合考古调查,可以断定济水段齐长城南至谷丘、北至渤海。第三次发生在公元前403年,齐国因内乱向晋投降,并被迫订立禁修长城放弃廪丘的盟约,列国于次年朝见周天子,三晋被封为诸侯,战国格局形成。这两章简文不但揭示了齐长城的始筑年代,据此对其时代背景及列国关系,也有了更深刻认识。
The great wall built by the Qi state during the Eastern Zhou dynasty started south of present- day Guangli village in Jinan, Shandong province and went east to the sea at the Jiahe village in Jiaonan. Its date of construction has been controversial. Nevertheless, the chapters 20 and 22 of bamboo slips Xi Nian （系年, Tsinghua University） shed light on this issue, because the three battles between Jin and Qi documented on the slips mention this great wall. The first battle took place in 441 BC, the year when the construction of the great wall of the Qi began. This is the first document that records the exact date of construction. It is also described that the great wall was built along the Ji River, which may reveal the complete layout of the great wall under discussion. The second battle was in 430 BC. Based on the documentation of this battle and archaeological survey results, it can be conduded that the great wall along the Ji River went south to Guqiu and north to the Bohai Sea. The third battle was fought in 403 BC. This time the Qi state surrendered to the Jin because of internal disorders and it was forced to sign an agreement to suspend the construction of the great wall and give up Linqiu. In the next year, the Jin state was granted the title of feudatory prince when various feudal states appeared before the King of Zhou. The Warring States period began. Chapters 20 and 22 reveal a clear scenario regarding the starting date and the general background of the construction of the Qi great wall and the inter-state relations.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期34-43,共10页
Journal of National Museum of China
关键词
清华简《系年》
齐长城
三晋伐齐
战国
Bamboo slips in Tsinghua University collection
Xi Nian [系年]
great wall of Qi state
battles between Jin and Qi
Warring States period
