摘要
目的:研究美国管制物质的管制历程及现状,为我国麻醉药品和精神药品管制提供依据。方法:通过检索收集国内外数据库、新闻报道、国际网站中有关管制物质的文献、报道与政策等,对美国管制物质的管制历程及现状进行整理研究。结果与结论:美国对管制物质的管制始于1914年《哈里森法》,是国际上在《国际鸦片公约》生效后率先通过的以税法形式立法用来管制麻醉药品成瘾问题的国家。此后,美国逐步扩大管制范围,通过《麻醉药品进出口法案》《海洛因法》《大麻税法》将大麻、海洛因和精神药品纳入管制,并通过尼克松"毒品战争"计划,修订形成了综合性法案《管制物质法案》,最终建立了隶属于司法部的管制物质强制管理局这一综合执法机构。
OBJECTIVE：To study the development and status quo of controlled substances control in the United States,and to provide evidence for narcotics and psychotropic substances（NPS）control in China. METHODS：The development and status quoof controlled substances control by the United States were summarized and studies through retrieving and collecting literatures,reports and policies about NPS from domestic and foreign databases,news reports and international website. RESULTS CONCLUSIONS：The United States＇ control for controlled substances dated back to Harrison Narcotics Tax Act in 1914,and the United States is the first nation to control narcotics addiction through the form of tax law after International Opium Convention is executed.Thereafter,the United States gradually extend the range by including cannabis,heroin and psychotropic substances into control range of Narcotics Drugs Import and Export Act,Heroin Act,Marijuana Tax Act,revising and developing comprehensive act Controlled Substances Act,and establishing comprehensive law enforcement agency Controlled Substances Enforcement Administration affiliated to Ministry of Justice by Nixon＇s＂War on Drugs＂plan.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第1期10-14,共5页
China Pharmacy
关键词
美国
管制物质
税法
毒品战争
历程
现状
United States
Controlled substances
Tax law
War on drugs
Development
Status quo
