摘要
资产阶级抽象地把自由限定为人的个人意志自由或自我意识自由,限定为源自"人的自然本性""理性"或"天赋人权"等认识和选择的绝对自由,限定为与财产私有制关系相联系而形成的个人具有绝对支配权的自由,是错误的。马克思确立的唯物史观,联系人的物质生活条件和革命实践认识人的自由,认为自由是人超越其客观物质条件、历史条件的限制,超越各种关系束缚,是以建立和完善公有制为核心的社会经济关系为基础,不断实现自身解放的历史活动和过程,是对必然性的认识和对客观世界的改造;自由是相对性自由,它是与人人平等地占有生产资料的公有制关系及其生产关系的建立和完善,与阶级的完全消灭和社会意识主体性的发展相关联的。
The bourgeois class defines freedom abstractly as one that is confined to personal will or self consciousness,that is absolute and is rooted in 'the natural human nature,''reason'or 'natural human right,'and that is related to the absolute control formed in the private ownership of property. The materialist view of history by Marx understands the meaning and content of freedom according to material conditions and revolutionary practice of human kind. For Marx,freedom is a historical activity and process of self liberation of human being that moves beyond the restrictions of their objective material and historical conditions and beyond the shackles of various relations. It is based on the establishment and improvement of social economic relations with public ownership at the core. As the recognition of necessity and the transformation of the objective world,freedom is predicted on the establishment and improvement of the relationship of production characteristic of equal access to the means of production,and on the elimination of class and the development of the subjectivity of social consciousness.
出处
《马克思主义研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第11期110-119,共10页
Studies on Marxism
