摘要
基于为京津冀区域和城市环境空气质量预报和空气重污染预警业务提供必要基础参考资料和区域重污染发生发展规律认识的需求,应用现有空气监测网2013—2014年度京津冀区域13个城市空气质量监测数据,分析了该区域2013—2014年空气质量整体情况和污染过程的季节变化规律、污染范围,统计了两年间31次区域范围大气重污染过程,并根据污染过程的空气质量变化特点和大气环流形势,着重对31次重污染过程中均压场天气型污染开展分析。结果表明,2013—2014年京津冀区域空气污染形势严峻,全年约有六成日数受颗粒物污染影响;京津冀区域空气污染南北差异显著,有自北向南逐步加重的特点,南部污染严重城市对区域污染贡献巨大,石家庄、保定、邢台、邯郸4城市将PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)年均浓度分别拉升31、16μg/m^3;2013—2014年京津冀区域大范围重污染过程集中发生在秋冬季,两季的污染过程对区域两年PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)平均浓度分别拉升27、21μg/m^3;京津冀区域均压场天气型污染可细分为臭氧型均压场和颗粒物型均压场。当秋冬季出现较小气压梯度、西南小风、逆温层等均压场天气型时,容易造成区域颗粒物污染过程;而春末、夏季出现均压场天气型时,容易造成O_3污染。
In order to provide necessary foundation resources for urban air quality forecast and heavy air pollution early warning in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and recognize the developing rule of regional heavy pollution events,air quality characteristics were analyzed in this article,by using the air monitoring data of local 13 cities in 2013—2014,especially the data about 31 heavy pollution events during these period. The results showed that： the regional air pollution had increased to an alarming level and about sixty percent of days were affected by particle pollution in 2013—2014; the regional pollution exhibited distinct spatial distribution,which were getting worse from the North to the South. The total annual average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 were increased 31 and 16 μg / m^3 respectively,contributed by southern cities such as Shijiazhuang,Baoding,Xingtai and Handan; the heavy air pollution events mainly occurred in autumn and winter,which raised the annual average concentration of PM2.5and PM10 by 27 and 21 μg / m^3; the uniform pressure field of synoptic weather pattern in 2013—2014 were divided into two types：particle uniform pressure field and O3 uniform pressure field. Particle uniform pressure field happened under the conditions of lower pressure gradient,light southwest breeze and inversion layer in autumn and winter,while O3 uniform pressure field occurred in the uniform pressure field in late spring and summer.
出处
《中国环境监测》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期26-35,共10页
Environmental Monitoring in China
基金
环保公益性行业专项“京津冀区域大气重污染过程应急方案研究”(201309071)
“京津冀城市大气边界层过程对重污染形成的影响研究”(201409001-03)
科技部科技支撑计划环境领域项目“大气复合污染区域联合预测预报关键技术研究”(2014BAC22B04)
“京津冀空气监测预报及防控技术研究与示范”(2014BAC06B04)
中科院先导项目“大气灰霾追因与控制专项数值模式与协同控制方案课题”(XDB05030200)
关键词
空气质量
大气重污染过程
污染特征
大气环流
京津冀区域
air quality
air pollution events
pollution characteristics
atmospheric circulation
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
