摘要
子宫平滑肌瘤（简称子宫肌瘤）是女性最常见的良性肿瘤，可表现为单发或多发，从几毫米到几十厘米或更大，大小不一。据调查，近70％的50岁白人女性及80％以上的50岁黑人女性均可检出至少一个子宫肌瘤。框图1罗列了子宫肌瘤的几种危险因素。症状性肌瘤往往需要手术治疗，造成相当大的医疗费用负担。这篇综述旨在为非专业人士提供关于子宫肌瘤的检查及处理的最新知识。本文也特别描述了当前知识的缺口。
Fibroids are commonly asymptomatic and usually do not require treatment once the diagnosis is confirmed by ultrasonography or, when required, by magnetic resonance imagingWomen should be made aware of all available treatment options; medical, radiological, and surgical, and why they may or may not be appropriateMedical treatments for heavy menstrual bleeding may be effective in those with fibroids, but there is relatively little evidence to support thisWomen should also understand that advice on treatment is often based on inadequate evidence, particularly for well established treatments such as myomectomyHysterectomy is effective, but other conservative surgical and radiological treatments may be preferable and treatment should be individualisedSubmucosal and possibly intramural fibroids may decrease pregnancy rates; however, evidence to support a role for myomectomy in enhancing fertility by any route is inconclusive
出处
《英国医学杂志中文版》
2016年第12期704-710,共7页
The BMJ Chinese Edition
