摘要
水稻是我国主要粮食作物,每年都会因虫害造成大量的经济损失,为了挽回害虫造成的损失,必须对害虫进行防治。田间节肢动物群落调查是评价害虫防治效果的重要依据,取样方式对节肢动物群落调查的准确性具有重要的影响。另外,对转基因作物对稻田生物多样性安全性进行评价时,取样方式对多样性评价的准确性也具有重要的影响。本文采用吸虫器法、盆拍法和马氏网诱集法3种取样方式进行稻田节肢动物调查,并评估不同取样方式的采集效率。得到的结果有:1.采集到的节肢动物物种数:马氏网诱集法>吸虫器法>盆拍法;2.采集的节肢动物数量:盆拍法>吸虫器法>马氏网诱集法;3.吸虫器取样法在调查叶蝉科、秆蝇科、茧蜂科、姬蜂科、金小蜂科、缘腹细蜂科、蕈蚋科时,取样效率较高;4.盆拍取样法在调查叶蝉科、瘿蚊科、微蛛亚科、跳蛛科、狼蛛科、猫蛛科、弹尾虫目、飞虱科时,取样效率较高;5.马氏网诱集法在调查缟蝇科和毛蠓科时取样效率较高。马氏网诱集法善于采集具有飞行能力的节肢动物;吸虫器法对不同习性的节肢动物采集效果均较高;盆拍法适合采集活动于水稻基部的节肢动物。
Rice is the staple food in China, and pests cause huge yield losses every year. Pest control is necessary to be conducted to avoid the losses. Arthropods community survey is the important foundation for evaluating the effects of pest control, and sampling methods would affect the accuracy of arthropods community survey. In addition, when we assess the safety of insect-resistant transgenic rice on biodiversity of rice field, it is requisite to choose an appropriate sampling method. In the current experiment, we surveyed the arthropods using vacuum-suction method, the malaise trap method, the basin-beating method, and compare the efficacy of different sampling methods in rice field. The result indicated that the malaise trap method collected the most species of the arthropod, the vacuum-suction method is the second, and the basin-beating method is the least. The basin-beating method collected the most number of arthropod, followed by vacuum-suction method, then malaise trap. The vacuum-suction method is efficient in surveying Cicadellidae, Chloropidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, Pteromalidae, Lycosidae, Mycetophilidae; the basin-beating method is efficient in collecting Cicadellidae, Cecidomyiidae, Erigoninae, Emerton, Salticidae, Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Collembola, Delphacidae; the malaise trap method is efficient in investigating Lauxaniidae and Psychodidae. The malaise trap method is suitable for catching the arthropods＆amp;nbsp;which can fly. The vacuum-suction method could be widely used to collect the arthropods with different biological characteristics. The basin-beating is efficient in capturing the arthropods which inhabitat at the base of the rice.
出处
《环境昆虫学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期1090-1098,共9页
Journal of Environmental Entomology
基金
转基因生物新品种培育重大专项课题"转基因水稻环境安全评价技术(2016ZX08011001-002)"
关键词
水稻
节肢动物
吸虫器法
盆拍法
马氏网诱集法
Rice
arthropod community survey
the vacuum-suction method
the basin-beating method
the malaise trap method
