摘要
全新世中期在青藏高原东北部存在马家窑文化区、宗日文化区和青海湖细石器文化区三大文化共存的地域格局。在研究区33个遗址搜集128枚史前文化陶片,采用X-射线荧光测定其化学元素与成分,分析表明:微量元素钍(Th)是判断本区陶器来源地重要标志,依据来源地大概可以分为宗日文化宗日组陶器与河湟组-宗日文化马家窑-细石器文化陶器两组,宗日组陶器有较河湟组等有较高Th含量;宗日文化中的马家窑陶器、细石器文化陶器与河湟谷地陶器源地较为一致,表明宗日文化马家窑陶器是从东部河湟谷地贸易交换而来,贸易路线主要沿湟水谷地与黄河谷地展开,贸易与交换主要发生两种文化交接地带,并存在具有"边贸口岸"功能的贸易交换集中地。说明三大文化在共存中交流,在交流中进步。
Background, aim, and scope The contact of the two social groups who respectively were prehistoric hunters and farmers, the interaction and influence between two different cultures have become focus of attention. During 5.5--4 ka BP, microlithic culture was distributed in steppe regions at high altitudes on the northeast margin of Tibetan Plateau, meanwhile, the river valley areas at low altitudes were occupied by Majiayao culture that was characterised by settlement and cultivation. In the junction of the two areas, Gonghe-Tongde basin in upper reach of Yellow River, Plateau indigenous Neolithic culture began to appear, which was affected by Plateau rnicrolithic and Neolithic Majiayao culture. In addition, two kinds of pottery which had the remarkable difference were universally found in Zongri cultural graves, one type was representative Majiayao cultural pottery, another was Zongri typological pottery. It is generally acknowledged that Majiayao pottery in Zongri culture was related to the immigrant and trade of Majiayao ancestors who were located in the Yellow River-HuangShui valley. In this paper, on base of the chemical analysis of pottery, we researched pottery exchange, and then understood the detailed process of mutual influence between hunter-gatherers and agricultural growers. Materials and methods The 33 sites on the northeast margin of Tibetan Plateau were selected, 128 piece of pottery were collected, among them, 62 piece of Zongri cultural pottery （49 Zongri typological pottery; 11 Majiayao typological pottery）, 69 piece of Hehuang group pottery. Using X-ray fluorescence analysis to measure their chemical composition and element. Results The results showed that： （1） The microelement of Majiayao pottery in Hehuang area and Zongri typological pottery are markedly different, the Th average content of Zongri typological pottery is 4.41 mg- kg-~, however, that of Majiayao pottery is 0.112 mg. kg-~, Th content of Majiayao pottery is lower than that of Zongri group; （2） The raw material of Maj
出处
《地球环境学报》
2016年第6期556-569,共14页
Journal of Earth Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41550001
41361047)~~
关键词
陶器
元素
贸易
pottery shard
element
trade
