摘要
利用153个多态性分子标记和12个农艺性状对江苏近年审定的46个粳稻品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：选用的153个标记在供试品种中具有较高多态性,有139个标记可检测到2个或以上等位基因数;多态性标记的Shannon指数变幅在0.10-1.61之间,平均为0.61,品种间遗传相似系数均高于0.5,显示出供试品种间的遗传多样性低、亲缘关系较近;中熟中粳品种间的遗传相似系数显著高于其他3个生态型品种;迟熟中粳与早熟晚粳间相似性最高,中熟中粳与中熟晚粳间相似性最低。聚类分析结果也显示供试品种间遗传相似性较高,尤其是中熟中粳品种。大多数农艺性状无论在不同生态型品种间还是在同一生态型不同品种间差异均不明显,表明江苏水稻生产上虽然存在4个不同生态型粳稻,但遗传多样性不足。上述结果提示江苏近年审定推广的大多数粳稻品种间的遗传基础狭窄,在大面积推广种植中存在较大安全风险,迫切需要增加品种的遗传多样性。
The genetic diversity of 46 japonicarice varieties,authorized by Jiangsu government in recent years were evaluated by using 153SSR（simple sequence repeat）markers and measuring 12 agronomic traits.These varieties were from 4ecotypes,Zhongshu Zhongjing（ZSZG）,Chishu Zhongjing,Zaoshu Wanjing（ZSWJ）and Zhongshu Wanjing（ZSWJ）.Results showed that：the SSR markers used had high polymorphism among 46 varieties and 139 of them had at least two alleles;the Shannon index of the polymorhpic markers ranged from 0.10 to 1.61 with average value of only 0.61 and the genetic similar coefficient among varieties were all higher than 0.5,indicating the lower genetic diversity and the close genetic relationship of the varieties tested;the genetic similar coefficient among varieties of ZSZG was significantly higher than that from the other 3ecotypes;the hightest genetic similar coefficient was found between CSZG and ZSWJ,and lowest between ZSZG and ZSWJ.The genetic clustering results also showed the high genetic similarity of varieties tested and especially for ZSZG varieties.Most agronomic traits measured only showed weak difference among either ecotypes or varieties in the same ecotype,indicating that although there has 4different ecotypes in Jiangsu province phenotypic difference was not significant among varieties.All these results demonstrated that japonica vaireties released in Jiangsu province in recent years shared a very narrow genetic base,which would undoubtly increase the production risk when largely planted.Consequently,it is urgent to increase the genetic diversity of japonicarice varieties in rice breeding program in Jiangsu Province.
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第3期78-86,共9页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
江苏省农业重点研发计划项目(BE2015341)
扬州市农业前瞻性研究项目(YZ2014168)
江苏省大学生创新创业项目(201511117036Z)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(2014-12)
关键词
水稻
粳稻品种
遗传多样性
分子标记
农艺性状
rice
japonicavarieties
genetic diversity
molecular marker
agronomic traits
