摘要
21世纪以来,全球风电产业迅猛发展,叶片大型化趋势明显.为了满足大型叶片发展要求,新的翼型、材料、设计方法以及制造工艺不断出现.本文分析了现有技术的优缺点,结合叶片变长带来的新问题和要求,得到大型叶片在气动设计、结构设计以及制造工艺方面存在如下发展趋势:(1)在气动设计方面,开发高雷诺数下高性能翼型、研究高精度且高效的气动分析方法特别是用于求解大型叶片非定常空气动力学特性的方法,以及构建多学科协调设计方法将是气动设计的重点;(2)在结构设计方面,开发性能优越且环保的叶片材料、研究大型叶片的结构优化设计技术以及建立反问题设计方法将是结构设计的主流.此外,针对不同问题的新型叶片结构形式不断出现,模块化设计和智能化设计因其在减重、运输及提高运行可靠性方面的优点,具有巨大应用潜力;(3)在制造工艺方面,具有高成型质量、高生产效率、低生产成本和低环境污染的成型工艺是未来的发展方向.一体化和自动化制造工艺以其在成型质量和效率上的巨大优势,将会成为大型叶片的制造趋势.同时,用于热塑性复合材料的制造工艺技术具有巨大发展潜力,低黏度热塑性树脂的开发非常关键.
Since twenty-first century, the global wind power industry has been developing rapidly. The trend of the blade growing large-scale is obvious. In order to meet the developing requirements of large-scale blade, new airfoils, materials, design methods and manufacturing processes are shown up. Advantages and disadvantages of current technologies are analyzed in this paper. Combined with the new problems and requirements brought from the blade getting longer, it is found that the large-scale blade has the following developing trends in the aerodynamic design, structure design and manufacture technology. （1） In the aerodynamic design, developing high performance airfoils under high Reynolds number, researching high precision and high efficient aerodynamic analysis methods especially for solving the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of large-scale blade, and constructing multidisciplinary coordination design method will be the key points of aerodynamic design. （2） In the structure design, developing environment-friendly materials with superior performance, studying on the structure optimization design technology of large-scale blade, and building the inverse problem design method will be the mainstreams of structure design. In addition, new types of blade structure for solving different problems have constantly arisen. Modular design and intelligent design, with their advantages in weight loss, transportation and improving the operational reliability, have great potential in application. （3） In the manufacture process, the molding process with high molding quality, high production efficiency, low production cost and low environmental pollution is the developing direction in the future. Integration and automation manufacture technologies, which have great advantages in moulding quality and efficiency, will become the manufacture trends of large-scale blades. At the same time, the manufacture technologies used for thermoplastic composites have great developing potential, and the development of low viscosit
出处
《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第12期2-11,共10页
Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号:51376180)资助项目
关键词
大型叶片
翼型
材料
设计方法
制造工艺
large-scale blade, airfoil, material, design method, manufacture process
