摘要
受海洋渔业资源枯竭、渔民后代外迁、渔村经济衰落等影响,中国沿海地区渔业、渔民、渔村的转型逐渐受到各方关注,但是"海洋三渔转型"的研究主线、内容体系及方法尚未系统化、科学化。系统梳理、总结相关文献发现:(1)海洋渔业转型早期受海洋渔业资源枯竭驱动较为显著,随后受制度和跨界渔业等风险影响较大;(2)海洋渔民被动转型是因渔业资源枯竭、主动转型是因渔业收益低与转产机会多;(3)海洋渔村转型成因与策略因其距离大陆远近而有所差别,近陆渔村转型是因渔业资源枯竭和陆域经济就业机会等吸引力、远陆渔村因其从业者减员等而转型。(4)"海洋三渔转型"研究应围绕海洋渔业资源的可持续利用及渔民生活质量的提高,丰富研究视角、拓宽"海洋三渔转型"研究领域及其应用价值,全面提升沿海地区的可持续发展。
Owing to the depletion of marine fishery resources, relocation of fishermen offspring and economic decline of the fishing village and other factors, the transition of fishery, fishermen and fishing village in China coastal area is gaining more and more notice. However, researches on the theoretical system of ＂three fishery＂ transition is still underdeveloped and needs more efforts on theory innovation. The study found： （ 1 ） In the 1980s ,transition of marine fisheries was drived by the depletion of marine fishery resources, followed by institutional confusion and cross-border fishing and so on. （2） Marine fish- ermen transition passively is motivated by depletion of fishery resources, initiatively is motivated by recognization of the low income and fishery-related industries converting more opportunities ; （3） Causes and Strategies for its marine fishing village transition differ according to distance from the mainland. In offshore village, the reasons for transition are depletion of fishery resources and attractive from land economic employment opportunities; In depth coastal,the reason for transition is the de-crease of its practitioners. （4）The research on Marine ＂three fishery＂ transition should focus on the sustainable use of ma- rine fisheries resources to improve the quality of development of marine fishing, marine fishing village, then enriching the research perspective,broadening research field of ＂three fishery＂ transition and enhancing its application value, in order to enhance the sustainable development of coastal fishing villages.
出处
《世界科技研究与发展》
CSCD
2016年第6期1343-1349,共7页
World Sci-Tech R&D
基金
宁波市社会科学学科带头人培育项目(G15-XK05)
宁波市哲学社会科学规划(G16-ZX19)
宁波市海洋与渔业专项资金(甬海[2015]16号)
宁波市重大科技计划(2015C110001)资助
关键词
海洋渔业
海洋渔民
海洋渔村
海洋权益维护
海岛可持续发展
marine fishery
marine fishermen
marine fishing village
safeguard of maritime rights and interests
island sustainable development
