摘要
目的：了解2013年中国乳母叶酸缺乏状况，并分析影响叶酸缺乏的因素。方法数据来源于2013年中国居民营养与健康状况监测，采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，调查对象为中国内地除西藏自治区以外的30个省（直辖市、自治区）的55个县（市/区）产后0～24个月的乳母，总样本量为10331名。采用问卷调查收集乳母基本情况，通过膳食频率调查收集受试者近1个月的膳食信息。按照单纯随机抽样方法抽取20%的乳母，采用电化学发光法测定血清叶酸水平，将血清叶酸水平〈2 ng/ml定义为叶酸缺乏。采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析影响乳母叶酸缺乏的因素。结果剔除异常值后，共有1894名乳母资料纳入分析。我国乳母叶酸缺乏率为3.0%（56/1894），大城市、中小城市、普通农村和贫困农村乳母的叶酸缺乏率分别为0.3%（1/338），1.3%（7/550），6.0%（38/639），3.2%（10/317）；少数民族乳母叶酸缺乏率为6.3%（17/269），汉族乳母叶酸缺乏率2.4%（39/1623），北方地区乳母叶酸缺乏率为6.2%（52/823），南方地区乳母叶酸缺乏率为0.4%（4/1071）。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，与南方乳母相比，北方乳母叶酸缺乏的OR（95%CI）值为3.63（1.64～8.05）；与汉族乳母相比，少数民族乳母叶酸缺乏的OR（95%CI）值为5.42（1.75～16.74）；随着儿童月龄每增加1个月，乳母叶酸缺乏的OR（95%CI）值为0.90（0.85～0.96）。与较低收入相比，中等收入乳母叶酸缺乏的OR（95%CI）值为0.25（0.10～0.60）。与食用大米及其制品较多的乳母相比，食用大米及制品较少的乳母叶酸缺乏的OR（95%CI）值为3.04（1.18～7.79），与食用薯类较多的乳母相比，食用薯类较少的乳母叶酸缺乏的OR（95%CI）值为0.29（0.12～0.70）。结论我国乳母血清叶酸状况总体得到明显改善，但居住在北方，少数民族、哺乳初�
Objective The study aimed to assess the folic acid status of lactating women in China and to analyze factors related to folic acid deficiency in these subjects. Methods The data on lactating women were extracted from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2013. By a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, 10 331 lactating women were selected for the study. The lactating women, 0-24 months postpartum, were from 55 sites in 30 provinces of China, excluding the Tibet Autonomous Region. A standard questionnaire was used to obtain general information and dietary intake during the previous one month period was collected using a food frequency questionnaire. A total of 20% of the total number of lactating women were randomly selected to analyze serum folic acid. Finally, 1 894 lactating women, with questionnaire results and serum folic acid data, were included in the study. Serum folic acid concentrations were analyzed using an electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay method. Folic acid deficiency was defined as a serum folic acid level〈2 ng/ml. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors associated with folic acid deficiency in these women. Results After excluding abnormal values, 1 894 lactating women were included in the study. Based on our findings, the prevalence of folate deficiency was 3.0% （56/1 894） in lactating women in China. The prevalence of folic 〈br〉 acid deficiency was 0.3% （1/388）, 1.3% （7/550）, 6.0% （38/639） and 3.2% （10/317） in larger, medium or small cities, general rural counties and poor rural counties, respectively. The prevalence of folic acid deficiency was 6.3% （17/269） and 2.4% （39/1 623） for minority and Han ethnic groups, respectively, and was 6.3% （52/823） and 0.4% （4/1 071） for subjects in northern and southern areas of China, respectively. Binary unconditionally logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with folic acid deficiency in the lactating women. The results sho
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第12期1050-1055,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
国家卫生计生委（原卫生部）医改重大项目[中国居民营养与健康状况监测（2010-2013年）]
志谢30个省、自治区、直辖市相关部门的大力支持
各省级工作队及55个调查点项目工作队的调查队员
广大调查对象的理解和配合
国家工作队全体工作人员的辛勤劳动
关键词
乳
人
横断面研究
叶酸
叶酸缺乏
Milk,human
Cross-sectional studies
Folic acid
Folic acid deficiency
