摘要
学界一般认为《天净沙·秋思》是元散曲的经典,也是马致远的代表作。然考其源流,此首小令始见于宋末元初盛如梓《庶斋老学丛谈》所载北方沙漠词三首之一,周德清《中原音韵》始以[越调]《天净沙·秋思》的散曲形式呈现于文学史中,然而朱彝尊又以沙漠词的形式收录于《词综》。这首小令作者失考,但绝非马致远所作,至明代蒋一葵《尧山堂外纪》始托名于马致远,一直贻误至今。《天净沙》所涉及的版本异文,并非传颂、抄录、翻刻之误,而是文人有意识的再度创作。沙漠词是原创;秋思曲是二度创作;《词综》既力图恢复沙漠词的原貌,又汲取秋思曲的艺术之长,是三度创作。这种特殊的文学史现象,尤为值得注意。这几个方面实际上都是文学史上隐蔽的悬案。
Tiangjingsha Thinking in Autumn has been considered a classic work among the Yuan Dynasty lyrics, and a masterpiece of Ma Zhiyuan. However, this small lyric was originally appeared among the three northern desert poems in Sheng Ruzi＇ s Shuzhai Laoxue Congtan, which was a book appeared in the late Song and the early Yuan Dynasties. It was Zhou Deqing who first recorded this work as a Yue Tone Yuan lyric in his Zhong Yuan Yin Yun. And then, Zhu Yizun again collected it as a desert poem in his Ci Zong. No one knows who the original author is, but it is definitely not by Ma Zhiyuan. It was first attributed to Ma Zhiyuan by Jiang Yikui in the Ming Dynasty, and the mistake has been continu this poem were not caused by mistakes during the process of spreading, ed till today. The different versions of copying and printing, they were delib- erate recreation by the literati. The desert poem is the origin, the lyric of Thinking in Autumn is a second hand creation. Ci Zong tried to restore its original status while still keeping some of the artistic merits of the lyric of Thinking in Autumn, this is a third time creation. This special phenomenon is worthy of our attention. These aspects are actually some pending cases hiding in the history of literature.
出处
《南京师范大学文学院学报》
CSSCI
2016年第4期41-48,共8页
Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University
关键词
天净沙
沙漠词
秋思
马致远
Tianjingsha
desert poems
Thinking in Autumn
Ma Zhiyuan
