摘要
至迟在商周时代就形成的以驱鬼逐疫为其目的的"傩",传至今日,多受巫道佛等宗教与戏曲艺术的影响,与古制有了较大的距离,而江西省南丰县石邮村的傩戏基本上接近于傩的原始面目。该村的行傩活动始于明代宣德年间,距今近六百年。傩班由八人组成,整个行傩的程序为下殿、起傩、演傩、搜傩、圆傩、安座,时间为旧年的除夕到正月十五日前后。整个行傩活动的重点是"演傩",即表演《开山》《纸钱》《雷公》《傩公傩婆》《钟馗醉酒》《跳凳》《双伯郎》《关公》等剧目。石邮村傩戏的功能为驱鬼逐疫、保地方平安;祈祷先祖与神灵保佑,使其人丁兴旺、生活美满;丰富乡民的文化生活,让人们获得审美的愉悦。
Early in Shang and Zhou dynasty, Nuo was formed with its aim to expel the evil spirit and sickness. Up to nowadays, impacted by witch, Taoism, and Buddhism and theatre art, Nuo has changed a lot compared to ancient Nuo. However, Nuo opera in Shiyou village in Nanfeng town in Jiangxi province is basically close to the preliminary look of ancient Nuo. In this village, Nuo opera could be traced back to Xuande period in Ming dynasty, 600 years ago. There are eight people in a Nuo team, and the whole process includes going down the palace, starting Nuo, per- forming Nuo, seeking for Nuo, circling Nuo, and taking seats. And it is usually held during New Years 15 days of the Chinese lunar calendar. Performing Nuo is the most important, that is performing ＂ Cutting into a Mountain＂ , ＂ Paper Money＂ , ＂Thunder God＂ , ＂ Nuo Father and Nuo Mother＂ , ＂ Zhongkui is Drunken＂ , ＂ Jumping Stools＂ , ＂ Shuang Bolang＂ , ＂ Guandi＂ and other plays. The function of Shiyou village Nuo opera is to impel the evil, and to protect the village, to worship that the ancestors and the gods to bless them. And villagers could also get an aesthetic please from a rich rural cultural life.
作者
朱恒夫
ZHU Heng - fu(Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 20023)
出处
《艺术百家》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第5期183-189,共7页
Hundred Schools In Arts
基金
2012年度国家社会科学基金艺术学项目"中国戏曲剧种发展史"(项目编号:12BB016)阶段性成果
2014年度国家社会科学基金艺术学重大项目"中国傩戏剧本整理与研究"(项目编号:14ZDB077)阶段性成果
上海高校高峰学科"中国语言文学"阶段性成果之一
