摘要
通常的在先裁判可能具有说服力和事实上的约束力,指导性案例具有的"参照"效力在性质上则属于独立的制度性效力,是我国在比较法基础上的制度创新。在未来适用指导性案例的裁判技术上,公布的裁判要点和裁判理由都可以产生"参照"效力,相关法条也不能限制该效力的发生。在与原始案例的关系上,原则上应以指导性案例的公布内容为准,但必要时也可考虑原始裁判。"参照"效力的内容是一项特别说理义务,根据具体情况可能表现为法律适用错误、事实认定错误以及司法行政意义上的不当。我国不必采取所谓背离报告制度。
All ordinary civil judgments could be of convincing force for any later civil dispute and some of them could be binding in practice. By comparison,a guiding case in Chinese context could rather act as certain reference for any later legal process. This new system of guiding cases has an independent institutional effect,which represents the Chinese remarkable innovation based on comparative law experience. The scope of this effect is not limited by the essential points of a guiding case,which are released at the beginning of the case. The related statutes emphasized in a guiding case do not restrict the further influence of the case as well. The difference between convicted facts and legal reasoning of published and original versions of the case could also matter,and the former version should be preferred. The strength of this effect is shown by a special duty to reason when the guiding case is not to be followed. When this duty is violated,there could be errors of legal application,errors of factual identification or improper acts in the sense of judicial administration and management. In addition,a mandatory report on the deviation of guiding cases is not necessary.
出处
《比较法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期111-134,共24页
Journal of Comparative Law
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"审判中心视角下的刑事
民事和行政诉讼制度改革研究"(项目号:14ZDC14)的阶段性成果
中国国家留学基金资助
关键词
指导性案例
“参照”效力
裁判文书
裁判说理
裁判技术
guiding case
effect of reference
civil judgment
judgment with reason
application in the legal process
