摘要
通过对光电效应伏安特性及普朗克常数测定实验的研究,归纳出影响实验结果的主要因素,除了暗电流、本底电流、反向电流、接触电位差影响外,光源与光电管的间距、不同的处理数据的方法,也会对实验误差造成影响.实验发现,光源与光电管间距40cm条件下,与计算机全自动处理方式比较,手动选取合适的拐点,半自动处理方式获得普朗克常量的相对误差较小,测量的伏安特性曲线的精确度也较高.本文对实验中普朗克常量相对误差变化原因进行了分析,给出了减小误差的办法,这对避免实验干扰因素,有效操作实验,改进实验过程,获得更加精准的实验结果有一定的帮助.
The volt-ampere characteristics and Planck＇s constant measurement are researched in photoelectric effect experiment,the main factors affecting the experimental error are summarized including the dark current,the bottom current,reverse current and the contact potential difference,in addition to include the space between the light source and photoelectric tube,and the different processing methods for data.The experiments showed that the space of 40 cm between the light source and photoelectric tube,compared with computer automatic processing method,manual selecting the appropriate inflection point,Planck constant obtained by semi automatic process has relative small error,and the measurement accuracy for the volt-ampere characteristic curve is higher.The reasons for the relative errors change of Planck＇s constant are analyzed in this work,and the method is given to reduce the error.It is helpful to avoid the experimental interference factors,carry out experiment effectively,improve the experimental process,and get more accurate experimental results.
出处
《物理与工程》
2016年第5期33-36,45,共5页
Physics and Engineering
基金
新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金(xjnubs-1011)资助项目
关键词
光电效应
伏安特性
实验影响因素
误差分析
photoelectric effect
volt-ampere characteristic curve
experimental influence factors
error analysis
