摘要
以哈尔滨市为例,基于2001年、2004年、2008年和2015年夏季Landsat TM 5/OLI 8遥感影像为基础数据源,采用＂单窗算法＂遥感技术手段定量反演瞬时地表温度格局,并深入分析温度特征,分区差异和重心变化。研究表明：2001～2015年研究区温度增加1.44℃,平均温年增0.10℃,3时段（2001～2004年、2005～2008年、2009～2015年）年均温分别增加0.08℃、0.09℃、0.12℃,具有加速上升趋势;最高温增加2.74℃,始终位于香坊区,最低温基本恒定,始终位于道里区;2001～2015年极高、高、极低温度分区面积增加4.92 km2、104.07 km2、87.71 km2,年均增量均具有持续增加趋势,中、低分区面积减少110.61 km2、84.94 km2,具有波动降低趋势,极高、高、中、低分区格局总体按照城区-城乡结合地区-乡村的水平梯度扩展;地表温度重心向东偏南70.58°方向移动536.90 m,其中6个市辖区迁移方向和距离差异明显,表明地表能量移动方向和温度重新分布的活跃程度不同。总体来看,研究区地表温度上升明显,分区时空变化剧烈,能量的轨迹移动过程具有折返特征。
As a rapid urbanization region in Northeast China, Harbin City has experienced dramatic urban expansion in recent decades, followed by increased urban heat island（UHI） effects. In order to explore the UHI effects under such a rapid urbanization process, the mono-window algorithm and Landsat images was used to retrieve land surface temperature（LST） in Harbin City in summer of 2001, 2004, 2008, and 2015. We then analyzed general characteristics and regional discrepancies of urban heat effects as well as the trajectory of urban heat gravity center in the period. The results showed that： 1） the highest LST occurred in Xiangfang District and increased by 2.74℃ with an accelerated speed from 39.15℃ in 2001 to 41.89℃ in 2015; While the lowest temperature occurred in Daoli District and hardly changed（around 23.18℃）. The average increment of LST was 0.10℃, specifically 0.08℃ during 2001-2004, 0.09℃ during 2005-2008, and 0.12℃ during 2009-2015 which showed increased warming rates. 2） The areas in the extremely high temperature, high temperature, and lowest temperature zones increased by 4.92 km2 and 104.07 km2 and 87.71 km2, respectively, with increasing speeds; While the medium temperature and low temperature zones decreased by 110.61 km2 and 84.94 km2 respectively. The extremely high temperature, high temperature, medium temperature and low temperature zones showed ring-structure from inside urban area, to suburb fringe area, to rural area in the outside. 3） Gravity center of LST moved by 536.9 meters to the south by east from 2001 to 2015; The diverse distances and directions in the gravity center trajectories showed different urban heat patterns in the six districts. In sum, the UHI effects in Harbin enhanced from 2001 to 2015, despite different levels of surface energy changes in varied districts.
作者
潘涛
杜国明
张弛
董金玮
李全峰
石福习
Pan Tao Du Guoming Zhang Chi Dong Jinwei Li Quanfeng Shi Fuxi(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi, 830011 Xinfiang, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China Departments of Microbiology and Plant Botany, Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 USA School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences,Hubei, Wuhan 430074, China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Changchun 13 0012,Jilin, China)
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期1759-1766,共8页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
荒漠绿洲国家重点实验室项目(Y471163)
东北农业大学"学术骨干"项目(16XG07)资助~~
关键词
地表温度
单窗算法
能量迁移
哈尔滨市
land surface temperature
Mono-window algorithm
energy transfer
Harbin City
