摘要
巷道顶底板岩体变形破裂随开挖的变化发展规律是事关围岩稳定性与控制的关键性问题。为有效获得巷道顶底板岩体内部全域变形破裂随开挖的时空演化特征,以一条深埋巷道工程为背景,考虑其对称性,自制一套试验装置并采用透明岩体相似材料来模拟实际巷道半边的开挖推进过程。结果表明：1）这种方法能够有效获得不同开挖分步下巷道纵断面岩体的变形破裂演化规律;2）巷道顶底板任一横断面处岩体的竖向位移随开挖时间均呈＂台阶式＂增长,其增长幅度在巷道刚开挖通过该处位置时最大,通过之后次之,通过之前最小,当巷道开挖通过后,顶底板岩体竖向位移就与其距巷道表面的距离呈指数衰减关系;3）分步开挖过程中,巷道每步开挖均会导致工作面前方中心约10~20 mm（对应实际0.4~0.8 m）范围内的岩体发生严重变形破裂。
The changing and development law of rock deformation and fracture at the roof and floor with the excavation was a key issue in relation to rock stability and control. To effectively obtain the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of internal global deformation and fracture at the roof and floor changing with the excavation, with the background of a deep roadway, a set of test device was self-developed with consideration of the symmetry. Transparent rock similar material was adopted to simulate excavation process of the actual half tunnel. The results have shown that 1） The changing rules of rock deformation and fracture in different excavation steps at longitudinal section were effectively obtained with this method; 2） The vertical deformation of rock at the roof and floor of the roadway would increase in a stepped way in excavation time. The growth amplitude was the largest when just excavating through the position. It ranked second after the excavation, and it was the minimum before the excavation; the rock vertical displacement at the roof and floor was exponential attenuation relationship with the distance from the roadway surface after the excavation; 3） In the process of stepped excavation, each step of roadway excavation would lead to serious deformation and fracture of rock at the front center of roadway face about the range of 10-20 mm which corresponded to the actual 0.4-0.8 m.
出处
《采矿与安全工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期1030-1037,共8页
Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51174197)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2014CB046905)
江苏省高校"青蓝工程"中青年学术带头人培养项目(2012)
关键词
纵断面
变形破裂
透明岩体
数字照相
PFC3D
longitudinal section
deformation and cracking
transparent rock
digital photogrammetry
PFC3D
