摘要
为深入了解智障儿童家长教育理念与心理困惑,构建促进儿童发展的家校合作模式及良好的社会支持体系,研究者以甘肃省兰州市某特殊教育学校为例,采用问卷法、访谈法、文献法相结合的方式,组织兰州文理学院2014级心理咨询专业学生分八组,分别对2名管理人员、7名老师、5名家长、5名学生进行访谈,发现大部分智障儿童父母的教育理念亟待更新,他们倍感身心疲惫;智障儿童内心单纯、缺乏自理,问题行为普遍存在,心理需求千差万别;特殊教育教师既关心孩子身体,也关注孩子心理;既密切师生关系,也加强家校沟通;既注重生活指导,也重视分层教学。因此,建议家庭、学校、社会必须悦纳特殊儿童,要培养特殊儿童家长良好的心理弹性和自我效能感,特殊儿童家长要选择民主型教养方式,社会要构建特殊教育良好的社会支持环境。
With the purpose of exploring the educational idea and psychological confusion of mentally retarded children＇s parents and promoting the construction of harmonious home-school cooperation and good social supporting system, re- searchers take a special education school in Lanzhou, Gansu Province as the researching subject to undertake research. U- sing the method of questionnaire, interview and literature review, the students of 2014 psychological counseling major from Lanzhou University of Arts and Science are divided into eight groups to interview two administrative members, sev- en teachers, five parents and five students respectively. It is found in interview that the educational idea of most mentally retarded children＇s parents need to be changed, they feel tired both physically and psychologically; mentally retarded chil- dren are pure in heart and incapable of looking after themselves, besides, problem behaviors are common among them and they have diverse psychological need; teachers majoring in special education care about their educational subject physically and psychologically; teachers not only pay close attention to the relationship between teachers and students, but also strengthen home school communication; teachers pay much attention to the guidance for children＇s life as well as multileveled teaching. Therefore, it is suggested that families, schools and society must accept special children, cultivate the psychological flexibility of special children＇s parents and a good sense of self-efficacy, parents of special children have to choose democratic parenting style and the society have to construct a good social supporting environment for special education.
出处
《兰州文理学院学报（社会科学版）》
2016年第6期124-128,共5页
Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science(Social Science Edition)
关键词
智障儿童
教育理念
心理调适
社会支持系统
mentally retarded children
educational ideas
psychological adjustment
social supporting system
