摘要
地震和滑坡灾害是人类面临的2种主要地质灾害,严重威胁人类社会的安全。这两类地质灾害的本质是相同的,通常与沿着构造带(面)两侧块体的相对运动有关。然而,常规监测方法主要针对位移、水位等进行监测,这些参数是产生灾变的必要条件,而非充分条件,不能作为灾变预测的主要依据。通过实验室模拟研究,首先发现"牛顿力突降,灾变发生"的实验现象,证明2个块体相对运动的核心问题是构造带(面)上的牛顿力变化;其次,在此基础上建立基于牛顿力变化测量的双体灾变力学模型和数学表达,并提出牛顿力的测量方法;最后,利用自主研发的牛顿力变化远程监测预警系统,通过滑坡现场监测,证实"牛顿力突降,滑坡发生"的科学现象。
Earthquakes and landslides are two major geological disasters causing huge casualties and economic losses each year across the world. Both landslides and earthquakes can be shown in a model of double blocks separated by a sliding plane. The key for geo-disaster prediction is the Newton force variation along the sliding plane. However,the measurement of the Newton force on the sliding plane is extremely difficult. Therefore,most of the current researches on earthquakes and landslides rely on the displacement monitoring between the two blocks. The relative displacement between the two blocks is considered as the necessary condition but not the sufficient condition for the occurrence of the earthquake and/or landslide,which may be the reason for the general recognition of the limitation on geo-disaster prediction. The presentation introduced a study on the theory of double-block mechanics（DBM） including the measurement of the Newton force,which is the necessary and sufficient conditions for initiating a geological disaster due to the block motion,using the so-called constantresistance and large-deformation cable with negative Poisson？s ratio effect. Applications for geo-disaster prediction were also described in this presentation.
作者
何满潮
HE Manchao(State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology（Beifing）, Belting 100083, China)
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期2161-2173,共13页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304210
41502323
51404278)~~
关键词
边坡工程
双体灾变力学模型
牛顿力测量
灾害监测
预警准则
slope engineering
double-block mechanics model（DBM）
Newton force measurement
disaster monitoring
forecasting criterion
