摘要
俄罗斯是世界上大陆架面积最大的国家,其大陆架面积约620万km2,占世界大陆架总面积的21%,尤其是俄罗斯北极区域的油气资源占俄大陆架油气资源总量的85%,且尚待发现的油气资源约占世界油气资源总量的20%。俄罗斯大陆架固体矿产矿种繁多,有金、锡、铂、铬铁矿、金刚石、钛、锆、铁、研磨料、宝石等矿物的砂矿、铁锰结核和结壳、介壳灰岩、有机矿物淤泥等矿床和大量矿点以及独一无二的猛犸象骨骼化石矿床。因此近20年来,俄罗斯一直把大陆架的地质调查,特别是油气勘查工作放在极为重要的地位。2008年俄联邦颁布的第Пр-1969号俄罗斯联邦总统令,批准了《2020年前及以后时期北极地带的国家政策纲要》,随后制定了《2020年前国家安全保障和俄联邦北极地带发展战略》。该法案旨在保障俄罗斯能源原材料的巨大需求,并在俄联邦的北极地带建立和发展油气资源基地和统一的油气运输系统,以及在科研和技术工艺领域开展国际合作。
The continental shelf of Russia is the world＇s largest one whose area is about 6.2 million square kilometers, 21 percent of the total area of the world＇s continental shelf. Especially oil and gas resources of the Russian Arctic region accounts for 85 percent of total oil and gas resources in the continental shelf of Russia, and oil and gas resources yet to be discovered is about 20 percent of the world＇ s total oil and gas resources. There are varieties of solid minerals in the continental shelf of Russia, such as placer deposits which contain gold, tin, platinum, chromite, diamond, titanium, zirconium, iron, abrasives, precious stones and other minerals, and deposits of ferromanganese nodules/crusts, shell carbonate, organic mineral ooze and many ore occurrences, besides some unique mammoth bones deposits. Therefore, during the past 20 years, Russia has put the geological investigation of the continental shelf, particularly in oil-gas prospected on the very important position. The No. Iip-1969 presidential order of Russian Federation was promulgated in 2008. It approved ＂National policy framework of Arctic areas by 2020 and beyond＂, and the ＂ Developments Strategy of National Security and Russian Federation Arctic Areas by 2020 and Forward＂ was drawn up later then. This aims to guarantee the huge demands of energy and raw materials of Russia, establish and develop oil and gas resource base in the arctic area of Russian Federation, and set up a uniform oil and gas transport system. Furthermore, these need international cooperation in the field of scientific research and technology.
作者
王淑玲
王铭晗
邵明娟
吴西顺
张炜
贾凌霄
WANG Shu-ling WANG Ming-han SHAO Ming-juan WU Xi-shun ZHANG Wei JIA Ling-xiao(National Geological Library of China, Beijing 100083, China Geoscience Documentation Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2016年第11期28-34,82,共8页
China Mining Magazine
关键词
俄罗斯
大陆架
北极
油气资源
固体矿产
政策
Russia
continental shelf
the Arctic
oil and gas resource
solid mineral
policy
