摘要
【目的】探究不同杏李品种在干旱区的生长动态,为丰产优质栽培提供理论依据。【方法】在不同生育期、天气和土壤水分条件下定期测定不同杏李品种新梢、叶片、茎干的生长变化,分析及其变化规律和相互关系。【结果】‘风味皇后’‘味帝’‘味王’和‘味厚’的新梢生长旺盛期为4月14日至5月10日;叶片生长旺盛期均为4月14日至5月8日;茎干生长旺盛期为5月15日至6月16日。茎干粗度日变化呈明显的昼夜规律,表现为8:00左右达到一天中茎干粗度最大值(MXSD),16:00左右达到一天中茎干粗度最小值(MNSD)。4—8月,‘味厚’的茎干粗度呈"上升-下降-上升-下降"的趋势,5月份茎干粗度生长量达到最大,4月份出现最小值。5—8月,杏李在晴天的茎干粗度日收缩量(MDS)与日增长量(DI)都明显大于阴天。‘味厚’茎干粗度灌溉后MDS小于灌溉前,但灌溉后DI明显大于灌溉前。【结论】杏李在阿克苏地区的新梢、叶片和茎干生长存在明显交替现象,茎干与新梢和叶片的生长旺盛期相互错开。‘味厚’茎干粗度日变化表现出明显的昼夜规律,大致可分为3个阶段:收缩阶段、复原阶段和生长阶段。5月份茎干粗度生长量在全生育期内达到最大。不同生育期、天气、土壤水分条件对杏李茎干粗度的变化存在显著影响。
[Objective] Continuous observation of the growth of branches and leaves of Prunus salicinaXarmeniaca in an arid areas, in order to understand the growth and development of the tree. The dynamic micro change of the trunk diameter was an important index to study the water and growth status of plants. The micro variation of the trunk diameter and its response to environmental factors were discussed, which provided a scientific basis for the micro changes of the stem diameter to guide precision irrigation. The study aimed to investigation the growth dynamic of new shoots, leaves, and trunks in arid areas, so that we can effectively guide the production of fruit trees. Utilizing local take corresponding cultivation and management measures, scientific fertilizer and water management, allows us to do a good job in the management of the orchard, and thereby providing some theoretical basis for high-quality cultivation of Prunus salicinaXarmeniaca. [Methods] When the new shoots and leaves grew, they were measured and recorded every 5 days. The leaf area was measured by the ＂Yaxin- 1241 leaf area meter,＂ and the leaf weight was determined us- ing a portable electronic balance. Continuous automatic monitoring of the plant stem diameter growth by using a plant growth measuring instrument, and two growth measurement instruments DD1, DD2, DD3, DD4 were installed in the ground more than 100 cm from the North-South trunk, utilizing the tin foil protective treatment. The selection was about 5 cm in the middle of the test tree canopy. Before the installation, we used a blunt knife to scrap the trunk skin, to ensure that the instrument frame was solid and that the probe and the main contact were good. The probe was wrapped in foil, to prevent the direct effects of wind, tem- perature and rainfall on the probe. The measuring probe was fixed on the side near the base position moni- toring. Regularly checking was done to ensure whether the instrument was loose, and we also performed timely calibrations. Our test selection consiste
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期1413-1423,共11页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
中央财政林业科技推广项目-杏李优质高效栽培技术示范与推广(ZYLYKJTG2015020)
关键词
杏李
新疆南疆地区
新梢
叶片
茎干粗度
生长动态
Prunus domestica
armeniaca
Southern Xinjiang
New shoots
Leaves
Trunk diameter
Growth dynamic
