摘要
继量子力学问世后,自由意志定理的提出再次抨击决定论,在学界引起热烈反响。定理利用SPIN、TWIN和MIN三条公理清晰地证明了粒子行为的非决定论性,为最终理解自由意志观念提供了新的途径。但学界也有质疑,认为自由意志定理证明的只是非决定性,而不是自由意志。大量生物学、神经心理学实验揭示了知觉与自由意志并非人类独有,而是从人到单细胞生物呈现出由繁至简的渐变过程。单有非决定性显然尚不足构成自由意志,具有知觉能力是粒子自由意志的必要条件,自主选择与知觉能力共同构成了粒子自由意志的基本涵义。
After the birth of quantum mechanics,the proposal of strong free will theorem strongly oppugns the propriety of determinism once again,and triggers heated discussion in the academe.Using three axioms of SPIN,TWIN and MIN,the theorem has clearly proved that particles'behaviors are in-deterministic,and thus has offered alternative way for interpreting free will.But there are also queries that the theory has only proved indeterminism but not free will.Many recent biological and neuro-psychological researches have shown that perceptions and free will are not the exclusive rights of humans.From humans to even unicellular organisms,perceptions and free will undergo a gradual change from the complicated to primitive stage.Only indeterminism does not guarantee particles'free will,of which perception is a necessary requirement.Ability of perception and freedom of choice together define particles'free will.
出处
《哲学分析》
2016年第5期113-125,共13页
Philosophical Analysis
