摘要
从刚体转动力学知识出发,以陀螺仪为例研究了刚体的定点转动.利用角动量定理和简谐振动的处理方法,通过研究向心力、自转角速度、进动角速度和章动角速度等,分析了陀螺仪的进动与章动现象,并讨论了影响其进动和章动的因素.总结了定点转动和定轴转动的区别和联系,对大学物理刚体部分教学以及对理解和应用陀螺仪的性能提供一定的参考.
Studies the rotation around a fixed point based on the knowledge of dynamics of rigid body by taking gyrostat as an example. Using the theorem of angular momentum and the method on processing simple harmonic vibration, the phenomenon of gyrostat precession and nutation and the affecting factors are analyzed and discussed by studying of the centripetal force, self-rotation angular velocity, procession angular velocity and nutation angular velocity. The relations and differences between the rotation around a fixed-axis and the rotation around a fixed point are summarized, which provide some references in teaching the rigid body part in college physics and in understanding the gyrostat property when using it.
出处
《高师理科学刊》
2016年第10期43-45,54,共4页
Journal of Science of Teachers＇College and University
基金
滨州学院教学研究项目(BYJYZD201306)
关键词
陀螺仪
进动
章动
定轴转动
定点转动
gyrostat
precession
nutation
fixed-axis rotation
rotation around a fixed point
