摘要
大型底栖动物是河流生态系统的重要生物类群之一,其是河流生境与水质生物监测与水生态健康评价的重要生物指标。以辽河典型生态保护型河流——凡河为研究区域,对大型底栖动物和环境因子进行调查,分析了大型底栖动物群落特征与生境、水质的响应关系。结果表明,凡河流域大型底栖动物群落结构组成在空间和不同水期呈现差异,其中物种丰度(NO.taxa)等指数空间差异性显著,丰富度(dm)、EPT(Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera and Tricoptera)和科级生物指数FBI(Family Biotic Index)在枯、丰水期间呈显著性差异。环境因子主成分分析(PCA)表明,总磷(TP)、生化需氧量(BOD5)、溶解氧(DO)、生境复杂性(HC)为枯水期和丰水期影响大型底栖动物群落结构组成的共同驱动因子。驱动因子与大型底栖动物相关性及典范对应分析(CCA)表明,TP、BOD5与EPT、FBI分别呈显著负、正相关关系(p<0.05),且与摇蚊科(Chironomidae)、颤蚓科(Tubificidae)等耐污类群存在明显响应关系。溶解氧及生境复杂性与物种丰度、丰富度指数呈显著正相关,与扁蜉科(Heptageniidae)、纹石蛾科(Hydropsychidae)、石蝇科(Perlidae)等清洁类群响应关系明显,且在丰水期对大型底栖动物影响较大。
The paper is inclined to present its investigative analysis results of the aquatic macro-invertebrate assemblage and its relevant environmental features of the Fanhe River（ a typical branch of the Liao River under the well-preserved ecological protection） basin. As is well-known,the macro-invertebrates play a very important function,and,even can be said playing an essential role in preserving the freshwater ecosystem of the river for the reason that they are in a position to monitor and protect the river habitat,the water quality and the healthy status-in-situ of the aquatic ecosystem. Thus,for the research purpose,we have made the physicochemical considerations and collected samples of the macroinvertebrates from a dozen of river sites in May and August,2011,by using a suber sampler（ size of 0. 4 m × 0. 4 m; pore diameter of 0. 425 mm） from the three spots of each sampling site.Moreover,we have also investigated and determined the habitatcomplexity（ HC）,the sediment（ S）,the influence of the human activities（ HA）,the plantation situation（ P）,the river flowing velocity（ V）,the integrated situation of the river water depth and its flowing velocity（ CV）,the dissolved oxygen（ DO）,water temperature（ WT）,potential of hydrogen（ pH）,the suspended solids（ SS） and the conductivity（ COND） at each of the sites under study. And,next,we have also identified and checked such essential factors of the river water quality,as the status-insitu of the total phosphorous（ TP） concentration rate,the total nitrogen（ TN）,the ammonia-nitrogen（ NH_3-N） content rate,the permanganate index（ CODMn） and the biological oxygen demand（ BOD5） in the laboratory conditions. On the basis of the macroinvertebrate data analysis,we have worked out the other essential elements of the river water quality,such as the number of taxa,the density of the species,the Shannon-Wiener diversity,the Margalef abundance degree, and the percentage of EPT（ Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera and Tricoptera
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期378-383,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家水体污染与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07505-001-01)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2014020108)
辽宁石油化工大学环境科学与工程学科创新团队项目([2014]11号)
关键词
环境学
大型底栖动物
生境
水质
主成分分析
典范对应分析
environmentalology
macroinvertebrates
habitat
water quality
principal component analysis
canonical correspondence analysis
