摘要
[Objective] The study was to solve the contradiction between fungus and forest during the production of black fungi, and to obtain relatively high economic benefits and ecological benefits. [Method] Black fungi were cultivated in forest with middle-high altitude of 500-1 600 m. The germination time of fungus stick, germination days of buds, growth days of fruiting body, commodity exterior, marketing effect and biological efficiency of black fungi were investigated. [Result] Compared with traditional cultivation, black fungus products cultivated under forest had the taste and flavor of wild black fungus. Fungus chaff wastage was directly decomposed by the roots in forest land, improving the soil structure of forest land. The need of moisture retention and the frequent access of administrative staff reduced the probability of forest fire occurrence. [Conclusion] Cultivation of black fungus under forest saves more than 70% fixed-asset investment on fungus shed, and the biological efficiency reached 12.2%.
[目的]解决木耳生产中的“菌林争地、菌粮争地”矛盾．获得较高的经济效益和生态效益。[方法]在500～1600m的中高海拔林区培育术耳，调查木耳菌棒发菌需时、耳牙发生天数、子实体生长天数、商品外观、市场效果以及生物学效率等指标。[结果]较传统栽培，林下培育产出的木耳产品具有野生木耳的口感和风味；菌糠废料直接被林地中树根究底分解利用．改善了林地土壤结构，且由于保湿的需要记忆出菇管理人员的频繁出入降低了森林火险的发生概率．[结论]林下培育可节省出菇棚等固定资产投资70％以上，生物学效率达12.2％．
基金
Supported by the Research Fund for the Youth of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016YQN38)
the Independent Innovation Projects for the Universities Institutes of Jinan(201303056)~~
