摘要
研究三江源隆宝湖湿地植物群落特征及其土壤理化性质,为周边地区土地资源合理利用及生态环境治理提供科学依据。隆宝湖湿地由嵩草群落(Kobresia tibetica Maxim.community)、蔗草群落(Scirpus tricqueter L.community)和苔草群落((2arex moorcroftii Falc.ex Boott community)3种群落组成,嵩草植物群落隶属7科12属,以西藏嵩草(Kobresia tibetica Maxim.)为优势种;蔗草植物群落隶属7科10属,以蔗草(Scirpus triqueter L.)为优势种;苔草植物群落隶属6科6属,以青藏苔草(Carex moorcroftii Falc.ex Boott)为优势种。苔草群落、蔗草群落、嵩草群落优势度依次降低,辛普森指数、香农-威纳指数依次升高;苔草群落的均匀度指数显著高于蔗草群落与嵩草群落(P<0.05)。嵩草群落土壤含水量高于蔗草群落和苔草群落;pH和土壤密度在3种不同群落土壤中差异不显著(P>0.05),且3个群落的pH在0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm内均依次降低;土壤有机碳、全氮、水解氮含量随嵩草群落、蔗草群落、苔草群落逐渐降低;土壤全磷、有效磷亦随嵩草群落、蔗草群落、苔草群落呈现降低的趋势。3个群落(苔草群落、蔗草群落、嵩草群落)的土壤密度(g·cm^-3)分别在20~30 cm、0~10 cm、10~20 cm土层最高;3个群落的含水量(%)分别在在10~20 cm、10~30 cm、20~30 cm的土层最高;3个群落的有机质(g·kg^(-1))分别在0~10 cm、0~10 cm、10~20 am的土层最高;3个群落的全氮(g·kg^(-1))分别在10~20 cm、10~20 cm、0~10 cm的土层最高;3个群落的水解氮(g·kg^(-1))均在0~10 cm土层最高;3个群落的全磷(mg·kg^(-1))分别在0~10 cm、0~10cm、10~20 cm的土层最高;3个群落的有效磷(mg·kg^(-1))均在20~30 cm土层最高。
In order to provide scientific basis for the governance of ecological environment and reasonable utilization of land resources in the surrounding areas of Longbao Lake wetland, the plant community and soil physic-chemical characteristics with different degrees of degradation in Longbao Lake wetland in Sanjiangyuan region were researched. In three plant communities （Kobresia tibetica Maxim., Scirpus triqueter L. and Carex moorcroftii Falc. ex Boott communities） in Longbao Lake wetland, Kobresia tibetica community mainly consisted of 13 kinds of plants, belonging to 7 families and 12 genera, of which Kobresia tibetica was the dominant species. Scirpus triqueter community mainly consisted of 11 kinds of plants, belonging to 7 families and 10 genera, of which Scirpus triqueter was the dominant species. Carex moorcroflii community mainly consisted of 6 kinds of plants, which belonged to 6 families and 6 genera, of which Carex moorcroftii was the dominant species. The dis- tfibution on relative values of the height, coverage and above-ground biomass of the species in each community was different. The dominance degrees of the three plant communities were in the order of Carex moorcroftii community〉Scirpus triqueter〉 Kobresia tibetica. Both Simpson diversity index and Shannon-Wiener index were in the order of Carex moorcrofiii〉Scirpus triqueter -Kobresia tibetica community. The evenness index of Carex moorcroflii community was significantly higher than that of Scirpus triqueter community and Kobresia tibetica community （P〈0.05）. The pH, soil density, moisture content, organic matter, total phosphorus., hydrolytic nitrogen, available phosphorus and total nitrogen in 0-10 era, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers of the three plant communities were studied. The results are as follows： the soil moisture content in Kobresia tibetiea community was higher than that in Scirpus triqueter, and Carex moorcrofiii communities; the differences in pH and soil den- sity among three different communities were not signific
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期755-763,共9页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
三江源隆宝湖湿地生态脆弱性及其驱动机制研究(31260128)
教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划"三江源生态演变与环境保护"(IRT13074)
青海大学华美源科研基金项目(SHJ-12-6)共同资助
关键词
隆宝湖湿地
植物群落
土壤理化性质
Longbao Lake wetland
plant community
soil physic-chemical characteristics
