摘要
为了研究开孔河流域棉田不同定额冬灌对土壤水分及盐分的影响,缓解地区春季农业用水压力,探究棉田只冬灌的灌水模式是否能够满足棉花出苗阶段生理需水要求,通过大田试验,对比分析了各处理（1 200、1 800、2 400、3 000、3 600、4 200 m3/hm2）灌前与灌后不同时期0~100 cm土层水分、盐分的变化情况。结果表明,小定额灌水条件下耕作层水分易蒸发,保水效果不显著,返盐现象严重,脱盐作用较弱。经比较分析,冬灌定额为3 600 m3/hm2时,具有显著的保墒压盐的作用,可为返春后的棉花播种及出苗提供较好的水盐条件,可起到减少春灌定额或免除春灌的作用。
To explore whether the only winter irrigation mode can meet the physiological water demand of cotton seeding stage, and ease the pressure on agricultural water use in spring, field plot experiment was conducted to in- vestigate the effects of winter irrigation amount on soil moisture and salt in the cotton field of Kaidu-Kongque River Basin. In the experiment, the changes of water and salt amount in 0-100 cm soil layer before and after irri- gation of different treatments （1 200, 1 800, 2 400, 3 000, 3 600, 4 200 m3/hm2） were compared and analyzed. The results showed that when irrigation amount was small, water in the plough layer tended to evaporate readily, re- suiting in water loss. It didn＇ t play the role of desalination under small irrigation amount, because soil secondary salinization was serious. Considering the influence of soil water and salt distribution under different irrigation amounts, it was concluded that when winter irrigation amount was 3600 m3/hm2, the soil moisture conservation and soil desalinization effects was significant, which could provide better growing conditions in cotton planting and seeding stage and could reduce or exempt spring irrigation.
作者
张瀚
杨鹏年
汪昌树
李勋章
ZHANG Han YANG Pengnian WANG Changshu LI Xunzhang(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Chin)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期42-46,共5页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(201130103-3)
水利部公益性行业科研专项(201301102)
新疆水文学及水资源重点学科资助项目(XJSWSZYZDXK20101202)
关键词
冬灌定额
脱盐效果
土壤含水率
winter irrigation amount
effect of desalination
soil moisture
