摘要
工业文明作为西方的现代文明形态,形成了一整套与之相适应的哲学、科学和制度体系,影响着当今世界的学术研究和制度建构,塑造了人类生产生活方式,并形成一些牢不可破的教条,这些教条被当作"神谕"一般不容质疑,作为人类思想和行为的起点,构成新的现代世界的迷信。笔者着重展示了五种现代的迷信:一是在哲学研究中盲目追求类似科学的确定性,使哲学科学化、圈子化,偏离了哲学研究的方向,动摇了哲学研究的基础,陷入"哲学之死"的困境;二是科技万能论,简单地将科学的进步理解为线性积累,赋予科学以"上帝"的角色,偏执地坚持科学可以解决一切问题,用消极的方式回避人类本应当直面的非科学的问题;三是忽视资本主义制度的价值导向,资本的逻辑作为资本主义的核心理念,通过资本主义的制度设计已经转化为现实世界运行的发动机,不在制度层面消除资本的逻辑,就不可能完全消除生态保护与经济发展的张力;四是金钱万能论,将人生简单化、物质化、低俗化,在现实中制造了一个看似美好的幻影,实际上是让人必然痛苦堕落的陷阱;五是所谓普世价值的浅薄与虚伪,将人之为人的人格自由和平等理解归约为金钱的自由和平等,为奴役人类戴上一个坚固的枷锁。这些现代的迷信严重歪曲了人类的追求,在人与人、人与社会、人与自然之间衍生出各种各样的问题,并最终威胁到人类的生存,对这些现代的迷信进行彻底反思和批判是走出西方现代工业文明、建设生态文明的必要前提和思想基础。
Industrial civilization, a form of modern civilization in the West, has a complete set of corresponding systems of philosophy, science and institution, which exerts impacts on the academic research and institution structuring of the current world, shapes the production and living modes of human beings. All of them constitute some unbreakable doctrines treated as undoubted“oracles”, which serves as the starting point of human＇s thoughts and behaviors and develops into new superstitions of modern world. The paper introduces five contemporary superstitions. The first is to pursuit scientific determinacy in philosophy research, which ossifies philosophy, deviates from the direction of philosophy research and undermines its foundation. The pursuit , therefore, causes“the Death of Philosophy”. The second is a view of the omnipotence of science and technology. It simply sees the advance of science as a linear accumulation. People with the view tend to take science as“God”and insist that science can solve all problems and avoid non-scientific problems which should be faced by human directly. The third is the ignorance of value orientation of capitalist system. Capitalism, with logic of capital as its core concept, has turned into the engine of modern world via the design of institution. The conflict of ecological protection and economic development can＇t be eliminated completely without the solution of capital logic on institution level. The fourth is a view of omnipotence of money. Human＇s life is seemingly full of enjoyments through simplifying, materializing and vulgarizing. But actually it is a pitfall making people miserable and degenerate. The fifth is the superficial and hypocritical mentality with so-called universal value. Human freedom and personality equality are considered equal to the freedom and equality in economy, which enslaves human with heavy shackles. Those modern superstitions distort human＇s pursuit, bring forth problems among themselves as well as those between human and society
出处
《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2016年第3期64-76,共13页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
启蒙
迷信
确定性
科学主义
enlightenment
superstition
determinacy
scientism
