摘要
政府、市场和大学之间相互依存却又相互"博弈"的关系在高等教育资源配置这一环节中表现得淋漓尽致。通过对西方国家最近十年有关高等教育资源配置实践的英文学术文献的层剖缕析,我们发现:(1)由于种种原因,西方的大学已经告别"衣食无忧"的时代,它们已经不能完全依赖政府的财政资助而生存,相反,它们几近依赖乃至屈服于市场,而这不仅已经导致学生经济负担的加重,而且可能将颠覆西方大学的宗旨;(2)为了解决大学自治和大学社会责任这一对矛盾,西方国家普遍实施基于业绩的资助制度,然而因为复杂的原因,这一制度本身存在一系列难以解决的问题;(3)伴随着新一轮高等教育的国际竞争,西方国家非常重视大学的国际化、促进和优化捐赠制度以及实施向需求侧(学生)倾斜的资助制度创新。
Government, university, and market are not only mutually supportive but also ＇competing＇ with each other, which is best exemplified in high education funding and resource allocation. Based on a systematic review of the literature on funding and resource allocation in higher education in developed countries, we have captured three patterns. First, universities in developed countries seem to have stopped fully relying on government funding and started to face the market competition and become more market-oriented, which not only increases the students＂ financial responsibilities, but also redefines the funding system has been widely adopted to mediate the however, due to complex factors, the system is inherently purpose of higher education. Second, performance-based tension between university autonomy and accountability, fraught with a number of limitations. Third, as part of the approach to the new round of international competition, developed countries have taken measures such as internationalization of universities, reinforcement of philanthropic endowment, and innovation of funding system which is more oriented toward the demand side （student）.
出处
《复旦教育论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第5期5-13,共9页
Fudan Education Forum
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学项目"我国高等教育资源配置转型程度趋势研究"(BFA110031)
关键词
高等教育
资源配置
资助创新
国际化
Higher Education
Funding and Resource Allocation
Funding Innovation
Internationalization
