摘要
对珠海横琴岛沿岸次生红树林区大型底栖动物的群落结构与分布的季节性变化进行比较研究。采集到软体动物、甲壳动物、环节动物、昆虫和鱼类共39种。大型底栖动物平均栖息密度为秋季最高(1872.53 ind·m^(–2)),春季最低(401.60 ind·m^(–2));平均生物量也是秋季最高(155.66 g·m^(–2)),夏季最低(24.43 g·m^(–2))。各季节不同样地所采集的物种其栖息密度在100 ind·m^(–2)以上。底内型(IN)及杂食性(O)物种分别超过动物总数的50%。系统聚类显示,除冬季外,老鼠簕和桐花树站位的相似性极低,其余站位居于两者之间。Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数的综合分析表明,本调查点大型底栖动物的群落结构、生物多样性等具有季节性的变化,并已受到一定程度的人为干扰。
The changes of community structure and diversity of macrobenthos in the secondary natural mangrove in Hengqin Island of Zhuhai had been investigated in each season during 2010 to 2011. Five sampling stations were set up in this research, which were at the areas with Aegiceras corniculatum, Phragmites australis, Cyperus malaccensis var. brevifolius, Acanthus ilicifolius and the naked tidal flats. 39 species of macrobenthos were found in these detection points during different seasons, including 33% of mollusca, 31% of crustacean, 18% of annelid, 13% of insects and 5% of fish. The result indicates that the average density of macrobenthos in autumn is the highest（1872.53 ind·m^-2）, and the one in spring is the lowest（401.60 ind·m^-2）. Also, the average biomass of macrobenthos in autumn is the highest（155.66 g·m^-2）, but the lowest season is in summer（24.43 g·m^-2）. Some species of macrobenthos have a very large density which is higher than 100 ind·m^-2, such as Dendronereis pinnaticirrus, Leptochelia dubia and Paranthura elegans. The species whose life form is infaunal and the one which is omnivorous are the most common. The amount of each of these two spices is more than 50% of the total amount of all samples, respectively. The result of hierarchical cluster analysis shows that the similarity of stations with Acanthus ilicifolius and Aegiceras corniculatum is extremely low except in winter. The differences among other stations are not so much as these two. Considering the Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index of the data in different seasons and different stations, the macrobenthos in secondary mangrove in Hengqing Island have been influenced by the activities of human, and the community structure and diversity of macrobenthos have a seasonally strength – changing. Some of the activities, such as aquaculture, which have a seasonally strength-changing, are primary factors.
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2016年第4期38-46,共9页
Ecological Science
基金
国家林业科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB2B0401-02)
广东省科技计划项目(2009B030600006)
珠海市科技计划项目(PC20081050)
关键词
大型底栖动物
群落
季节变化
横琴岛
珠海
macrobenthos
community
seasonal change
Hengqin Island
Zhuhai
