摘要
爆炸焊接是应用爆炸载荷使基板和复板面复合的固相连接技术,将镁合金和纯铝复合形成层状复合材料有望拓宽镁合金的应用。本文通过爆炸焊接成功地实现了AZ31镁合金和1060纯铝的面复合,应用光学显微镜(OM),扫描电镜(SEM),透射电镜(TEM)及电子式万能试验机和维氏硬度计对AZ31/1060结合界面处的显微组织、成分分布、力学性能进行测试和分析。结果表明,应用爆炸焊接技术可以使AZ31镁合金和1060纯铝的焊合率达到99.4%;结合界面成波形结构,爆炸焊接过程中,界面处发生元素扩散;随着到界面距离的增加,镁合金的显微组织逐渐从形变带过渡到细晶区再转变为拉长晶粒区,远离界面的组织以等轴晶为主;AZ31/1060爆炸复合板抗拉强度为175 MPa,延伸率为3.3%,剪切强度为62.2 MPa,在拉伸断裂过程中镁合金先断裂然后纯铝断裂,结合界面处不发生开裂;界面处镁合金一侧存在高硬度区,厚度约为200μm。
Explosive welding was a kind of solid-state joining technique which used explosive load to connect flyer plate and base plate. Connecting magnesium alloy and pure aluminum into composite could widen the application of magnesium alloy. A composite plate of AZ31 magnesium alloy and 1060 pure aluminum was fabricated by explosive welding. The microstructure, element distribution and mechanical properties of bonding interface after explosive welding were investigated with optical microscope （ OM ）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, mechanical properties testing machine and Vickers-hardness tester. The results showed that, through explosive welding, the bonding rate of AZ31 magnesium alloy and 1060 pure aluminum could reach 99.4% and the bonding interface had a wavy appearance. In the process of explosive welding, element diffusion was observed at the bonding interface. With the increase of distance to the interface, the microstructure of magnesium alloy changed from deformation bands to fine grains and then into elongated grains. Away from bonding interface, most of microstructure in magnesium alloy was equiaxed grains. The tensile strength of AZ31/1060 composite plate was 175 MPa, the elongation was 3.3% and the shear strength was 62.2 MPa. During the tensile test, AZ31 magnesium alloy cracked firstly and then 1060 pure aluminum cracked. There was no delamination at the bonding interface in the process of fracture. The hardness of magnesium alloy near bonding interface was very high and the thickness of the high hardness zone was about 200 μm.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期996-1001,共6页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51571031)资助
