摘要
1897年之前,以具体统计事例为载体的西方统计知识和统计观念已经传入中国,1897年后,经日本消化吸收的社会统计学理论开始系统地引入,这对清末和民国统计的影响广泛而深远。清末时,梁启超等人把统计材料汇编为历史,陈黻宸等人明确主张以统计法来研究和表述历史,他们固然受到西方史学理论的影响,但现代统计知识、观念和外来成果所施予的直接刺激也不容忽视。当时已有人在史书编纂、地方史志纂修和具体历史问题研究方面,尝试使用统计分析法,这构成为清末中国新史学有机的组成部分。
The western statistical knowledge and concepts which were reflected in particular statistical cases had been introduced into China before 1897. The social statistics theory, grasped and absorbed by Japan, was introduced to China systematically after 1897, and it had a wide and far-reaching impact on the statistical practices in the period of late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. During the late Qing Dynasty, Liang Qichao and others regarded statistical materials compilation as historical writing, while Chen Fuchen and some other scholars explicitly advocated studying and presenting history through statistical method. There is no doubt that they were influenced by the western theories of historiography, however, the direct stimulation of modern statistical knowledge, concepts and foreign achievements should not be neglected. It＇ s noteworthy that as an attempt, some historians adopted the approach of statistical analysis in the compilation of general history, specialized history, especially history of individual countries, and the editing of local chronicles as well as the researches on specific historical problems. These facts constituted an organic part of the New History in the late Qing Dynasty.
出处
《史学史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第3期28-41,共14页
Journal of Historiography
关键词
统计观念
西方史学理论
清末新史学
梁启超
陈黻宸
统计分析法
statistical concepts western theories of historiography New History in the late Qing Dynasty Liang Qichao Chen Fuchen statistical analysis
