摘要
在视野受限时人员首先到达墙壁可见区域然后根据墙壁信息进行疏散的基础上,完善了视野受限的元胞自动机疏散理论模型,通过包含斜向运动系数和等待迫切因子的元胞自动机疏散算法,估算了矩形房间单、双出口情况下的疏散时间.分析了疏散标志和出口分布对疏散的优化效果.仿真结果表明,疏散标志的合理设计对行人快速疏散有明显作用,有、无疏散标志的疏散时间比在0.57-0 .6 3 区间.出口总宽度相等的情况下,双出口设计明显比单出口设计的疏散时间短,出口无明显拥堵的情况下,双出口与单出口的疏散时间比值在0. 63-0. 7 1 的区间.
Based on the evacuation rule that the pedestrian arrive at the visible zone of wall , then escape bythe evacuation information of the wall for the limited visibility and invisibility, the more advanced CA evacuationmodel for limited visibility is set up, in which the diagonal-moving parameter and waiting-urgencyfactor are introduced. Then the formulas and ratio of the evacuation time for different cases are achieved bythe theoretical analysis and derivation. The study results is as follows, the evacuation signs of reasonabledesign can significantly optimize the process; and the ratio of evacuation time between considering evacuationsigns and no evacuation signs is in the range of 0. 57-0. 63 mainly. Under the condition of the equal totalwidth for the single and two exits, the design with double exits improves the efficiency of the evacuationand is more conducive to efficient evacuation than the signal exit; the calculation results show the ratiois in the range of 0. 63-0. 71 mainly when the evacuation is not a jam, which accords with the theoretical results.
出处
《青岛大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2016年第3期59-66,共8页
Journal of Qingdao University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(批准号:Z2014002)资助
大型人员密集建筑场所疏散分区优化研究项目(批准号:KF201505)资助
中国人民武装警察部队学院博士科研计划资助
关键词
元胞自动机
疏散模型
视野受限
计算机仿真
cellular automata
evacuation model
limited visibility
computer simulation
