摘要
以1990-2013年间4期Landsat影像作为基本信息源,分析了精河县近23年土地利用与覆被的变化过程及其所带来的生态环境的影响。结果表明:11990-2013年精河县土地利用类型中水体面积变化不大,耕地、干涸湖床的规模朝扩大的方向发展,耕地的面积则由1990年的2.15×104 hm2增加到2013年的8.84×104 hm2,其中有1.83×104 hm2的林草地转入,占转入量的20.78%,干涸湖床则有42.67%的盐碱地和13.38%的其他地类转入。2通过分析精河县生态环境综合指数发现,1990-2013年精河县生态环境质量变化较大,生态环境综合指数在1990-1998年有明显的上升趋势,由1990年的0.501 6上升到1998年的0.545 7;而在1998-2013年精河县生态环境综合指数却呈现下降趋势,由1998年的0.545 7上升到2013年的0.502 7。通过土地利用转换和生态环境质量贡献率的响应分析发现,林草地、水体、耕地面积的变化是影响区域生态环境质量变化的主要因素,所以退耕还林还草和合理利用水资源是改善研究区生态环境质量的有效手段。本研究可以更好地为精河县土地资源的可持续利用和大力开展生态文明建设提供参考,对精河县改善土地生态环境具有重要的理论及现实意义。
The Jinghe coun ty was chosen as study area to do some research about LUCC and ecological effect based on Landsat from 1990 to 2013. The results showed that ： 1The Jinghe county land use types of water areas changed little, however,the scale of cropland,dry lake bed areas expanded. The areas of cropland increased from 2.15 ×104to 8.84 ×104hm2in1990-2013, including 1.83×104hm2forest and grassland which accounted for 20.78% of the transfer amount. 42.67% salinealkali land and 13.38% other land types transferred into dry bed areas. 2Based on the regional ecological environment comprehensive index,it was found that the ecological environment quality of Jinghe County changed greatly in 1990-2013, the environment comprehensive index increased from 0.501 6 to 0.545 7 in 1990-1998,and fell from 0.545 7 to 0.502 7 in 1998-2013. Through the response of land use conversion and the eco-environment quality contribution rate analysis,it was found that changes of forest and grassland,water areas,and cropland were the main factors that influenced the quality of the regional eco-environment changes,so returning farmland to forest and grassland and rational utilization of water resources were effective means of improving the quality of ecological environment in the study area. The results could provide reference to the sustainable use of land resources and the construction of ecological civilization,and had important theoretical and practical significance to improve the land ecological environment in Jinghe County.
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2016年第14期3574-3580,共7页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41361045
41130531)
新疆自治区青年科技创新人才培养工程项目(2013731002)
教育部"长江学者和创新团队发展计划"创新团队项目(IRT1180)
新疆绿洲生态(教育部省部共建)重点实验室开放课题项目(XJDX0201-2012-01)
