摘要
以若尔盖花湖湿地国家级自然保护区高寒草甸-高寒草原逆向演替为研究对象,结合草地利用现状及微地形分布,遴选5个高寒退化草地区域进行植被概况、害鼠密度、土壤理化性状和三种水解酶活性、微生物群落数量调查并进行相关性分析。结果表明:土壤表层(0~10 cm)土壤脲酶、土壤转化酶及土壤磷酸酶活性的变化范围分别是0.89~1.60mg·g^(-1)·d^(-1)、89.86~134.31mg·g^(-1)·d^(-1)、3.43~4.63mg·g^(-1)·d^(-1),且平地区显著大于坡地区(P<0.01);土壤微生物群落中细菌数量占绝对优势,显著高于放线菌和真菌数量(P<0.01),样地间表现为样地Ⅱ(阴坡)>样地Ⅰ(山顶)>样地Ⅴ(临近湿地)>样地Ⅳ(平地)>样地Ⅲ(阳坡)的趋势,且土壤酶活性和微生物数量均随土壤剖面加深而递减,且各土层间差异明显(P<0.05)。若尔盖花湖退化草地土壤脲酶、转化酶、酸性磷酸酶均保持较高的活性;土壤酶活性、微生物及理化性质在平地区与坡地区差异明显,随土层剖面变化显著;土壤养分与土壤放线菌、土壤酶活性关系密切,鼠类洞穴密度、土壤含水量和磷酸酶活性与土壤微生物关系密切。研究结果将为本地区草地营养循环、退化草地修复及草原旅游承载力提供理论依据。
Based on theirs vegetation characteristics and micro -landforms distributions, five degraded alpine wetland plots were selected to investigate degradation processes in the Huahu Scenic Area, Zoige County in Southwest China. Vegetation, rodents burrow densities, soil properties and three soil enzymes activities, microbial community structure and theirs relationships were measured at 0 - 40cm depth. The activity of soil urease, acid phosphotase and invertase ranged from 0.89-1.60mg·g^-1·d^-1、89.86-134.31mg·g^-1·d^-1、3.43-4.63mg·g^-1·d^-1, respectively, which were kept a higher activity and transformation rate to carbon, nitrogen aped phosphorus. Quantity of soil bacteria were higher than those of filamentous and fungi, and the trend of plots was plot lI 〉 plot I 〉 plot V 〉 plotIV 〉 plot lll. Moreover soil those of fiat areas were more than hillsides. However, soil enzymes activities and microbial communities were all decreased with increasing soil depth. Overall, soil urease, acid phosphotase and invertase were kept a higher active ability, and those soil enzymes activities, microbial communities and soil physical and chemical properties of fiat and slope plots kept significant differences with each other. Moreover, soil nutrients were closely associated with soil inflammatory and enzymes activities, also small herbivores burrows densities and soil moisture were closely associated with soil phosphatase and soil microbial communities. The study was helpful for understanding grassland nutrient cycle, rodents control, the degraded grassland recovery and pasture tourism capacity.
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期119-125,共7页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31100338)
四川省留学回国人员资助项目
四川农业大学"双支计划"项目资助
关键词
高寒退化草地
土壤酶活性
土壤微生物
草地管理
degraded alpine grassland
soil enzyme activity
soil micro -organisms quantity
grassland management
