摘要
侧堰作为一种量水设施,安装在渠道侧边,直接与小型渠道或田间入水口连通,无需改变原有渠道断面结构,具有体型简单、安装拆卸方便、精度较高等优点,有很好的应用价值,但目前对其堰型以及水力特性影响因素的研究还不深入,在前人研究的基础上,对矩形渠道4种不同堰角（θ=0°,3°,6°,9°）的梯形侧堰在7种不同流量下进行了49组试验,获得了侧堰附近水面线,并基于无量纲原理研究了流量系数与其影响因素之间的关系,推导了操作简单且精度较高的流量公式,侧堰正向放置时其最大相对误差为9.95%,平均相对误差为1.57%,逆向放置时其最大相对误差为9.93%,平均相对误差为0.28%,均满足灌区精度要求;研究了水头损失与流量及堰角之间的关系,堰角越大,水头损失越小,其变化范围为40%~70%之间。
Side weir ,as a kind of water-measuring devices ,is installed in the side of channels and connected directly with the small channels or water inlet in the field without changing the original cross section of channels .It is simple in shape ,installed and re‐moved easily and with high precision .It has enormous potential application value ,but study on weir type and influence factors of hy‐draulic characteristics is not deep at the moment .Experiments were taken on different angles of trapezoidal side weirs （0° ,3° ,6° ,9°） under different discharges in rectangular channel .Water profiles were obtained .Relations between discharge coefficient and its im‐pact factors were studied on the basis of dimensionless principle .Discharge formulas with simple operation and high accuracy were obtained ,whose maximum error is 9 .95% and average error is 1 .57% when side weir is installed in the flow direction ,maximum er‐ror is 9 .93% and average error is 0 .28% when side weir is installed against the flow direction .Relations between head loss ,dischar‐ges and angles of side weirs were studied .Head loss changes conversely with angles of side weir .The variation range of head loss is 40% ~70% .
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2016年第9期224-228,共5页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503125)
杨凌示范区科技计划项目(2015NY-30)
关键词
梯形侧堰
水力特性
流量系数
trapezoidal side weir
hydraulic characteristics
discharge coefficient
