摘要
由于边坡修复工程中植物配置单一,尤其是草种比例过高,导致后期景观效果不佳,且物种退化现象严重,因而丰富边坡喷播植物群落多样性和提高其稳定性,已成为解决此问题的重要途径。针对华南地区首次选择8种乡土植物种子,通过设置不同的种子配比,进行边坡客土喷播绿化试验,持续观测其株高、密度和冠幅的变化,以及样方群落物种多样性指标,以评价其适应性及护坡效果。结果表明:车前草、白背枫、牡荆、蓖麻和木芙蓉这5种多年生乡土植物,其生长速度基本符合边坡绿化工程验收的需求,且具备绿化效果快、护坡效果显著、种子易收集等优点,为边坡的稳定和植物群落演替提供可行性途径,比较适合应用于边坡生态修复和其他水土保持工程,具有极高的推广应用价值;但应注意植物种子配比量,保证灌木所需的生长空间,以保持后期边坡植物群落的稳定性和多样性。
[Background] In recent years,due to the single plant configuration in slope revegetation engineering,especially the high proportion of grasses causing poor late landscape and serious species degradation,enriching the diversity of spraying plant community species,and improving the community stability has become an important strategy to solve the problem. [Methods]Based on data collection and field investigations,8 kinds of indigenous plants with wide distribution,large seed amount,rapid growth,and long green period were selected for hyproseeding experiment for the first time. Taking slope on Dongxing quarry as the study object,these 8 plants was applied through external-soil spray seeding. Then a year-long investigation was conducted,indicators such as plant height,density and plots species diversity were continuously observed and recorded to assess adaptability and slope protection effects of these plants. To compare the vegetation restoration effect of experimental plots with that of project area,through the quadrat investigation method,type of plant,species and quantity of each area were counted a year after the completion of construction. Main plant community species diversity was studied by using species richness index,Shannon-Wiener index,and Pielou evenness index. [Results] Results showed that Plantago asiatica,Buddleja asiatica Lour.,Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia（ Sieb. et Zucc.）Hand.-Mazz.,Ricinus communis,and Hibiscus mutabilis,these indigenous plants were suitable for ecological restoration and soil and water conservation on the slope. After hyproseeding,these 5 kinds of seeds germinated and developed seedling gradually in a month. The plant height and crown width of these plants increased month by month, showing strong ability to adapt the slope environment. As the communities competed and developed,the plant density decreased,but a number of plants still survived in the competition. The developed root system resisted a certain degree erosion,having strong soil reinforcement ability. The experime
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期134-141,共8页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
铁汉生态研究院建设(2014B090903015)
铁汉生态院士工作站建设(2015B090904008)
关键词
乡土植物
边坡
生态修复
喷播绿化
植物配置
indigenous plants
slope
ecological restoration
hyproseeding
plant disposition
