摘要
为了研究餐厨垃圾快速堆肥及施肥降污技术,采用二次添加腐熟菌株、二步堆肥发酵温度52.5、57.5℃的堆肥工艺,通过丝瓜田间种植试验,探讨餐厨有机肥料的适宜用量以及降低菜田氮磷淋失的效果。结果表明:二步法堆肥工艺的蛋白酶、蔗糖酶酶活性比对照工艺平均高出24%和56%,堆肥生产时间减少了40%;堆肥终点的种子发芽率指数达到83%、水的质量分数为29%,符合堆肥腐熟指标。配施餐厨有机肥的丝瓜产量比对照施肥增产2409 kg/hm^2,增产率为11.3%;土柱渗漏水氮和总磷质量浓度比对照施肥处理减少6.5%和7.8%。可见,二步法堆肥工艺明显缩短了堆肥生产时间,配施餐厨有机肥有利于丝瓜增产和降低菜田氮磷淋失。
In order to study the rapid composting of kitchen wastes and pollution reduction technology, thecompost technology of adding rotten microbial twice and two-step compost at 52.5 and 57.5℃ was adopted, thesuitable application amount and the effect of leaching loss reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus were studiedby luffa field experiment. The results showed that the activity of protease and sucrose increased by 24% and56% under two-step compost compared with that under CK, the compost time decreased by 40%. At the end ofcompost, the germination rate of luffa seeds reached 83% and the quality fraction of water was 29%, which metthe level of compost. Combined application of chemical fertilizer and kitchen organic fertilizer could increasethe yield of luffa by 2409 kg/hm^2, the growth rate of was 11.3%. The total N and total P concentration inleaching water of earth pillar decreased by 6.5% and 7.8%, respectively, compared with that of CK. The resultsshowed that two- step compost could reduce the compost time obviously, and the combined application ofkitchen waste could increase luffa yield and decrease the leaching loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2016年第24期141-145,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家农业科技成果转化项目"有机农业新技术的应用"(2014GB2C410092)
厦门市科技计划"新型污泥肥料快速发酵及内外菌衣工艺的研究"(3502Z20092002)
"有机生活垃圾堆肥新技术的应用"(3502Z20151259)
关键词
餐厨垃圾
二步法堆肥
堆肥时间
新型肥料
施肥降污
kitchen waste
two-step compost
compost time
new fertilizer
fertilization and pollution reduction
