摘要
公元前3000至公元前1800年之间的北方地区人口数量较前期急剧增长,聚落规模差异加剧,社会结构日趋复杂。在经历了财富集中、高等级聚落、大型宫室、祭坛及公共设施涌现的过程之后,聚落间防御需求日趋强烈,环壕、城垣等防御设施成为聚落的重要组成部分。日益常态化的祭祀、占卜等宗教活动成为凝聚聚落人群的核心手段。公元前2300年前后,以石峁城址为核心的北方地区"大一统"的政治格局形成,开启了早期城市化道路,迈开了走向早期国家的步伐。面积超过400万平方米的石峁遗址不仅成为国内已知规模最大的龙山时期至二里头早期阶段城址,也当仁不让地成为北方地区地缘政治的中心。
During 3,000 - 1,800 B.C. Northern China witnessed a radical social transformation involving population boom, settlement differentiation, and social stratification. With the beginning of wealth accumulation and the emergency of high-rank settlements, large palaces, ritual facilities, and public facilities, conflicts among settlements were intensified. Defensive structures, such as moats and walls, therefore, became important parts of settlements. In addition, routinized ritual activities and divination became a core strategy in order to congregate population. About 2,300 B.C., the unified political structure that was centered on Shimao in Northern China appeared to completely take shape, and eventually, led to the state formation process later. Covering more than 400 ha, the Shimao site was not only the largest settlement during the Longshan- Erlitou period, but also, unquestionably, the geo-political center in Northern China.
出处
《考古与文物》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期70-79,共10页
Archaeology and Cultural Relics
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目"河套地区5-4 ka的气候变化与人类适应研究"(41571190)阶段性成果之一
