摘要
目的：建立我国HIV系列阳转血清盘并用其评价HIV酶免血筛诊断试剂的窗口期。方法收集HIV感染者的系列血清,利用Western blot确认试剂、HIV抗原定量检测试剂、核酸定量检测试剂等检测系列样品,RT-PCR的方法扩增HIV env序列并测序和分型,以确认HIV感染。对国内外5种第四代和14种第三代酶免HIV血液筛查诊断试剂的检测窗口期进行评价。结果共收集确认8套HIV感染者的阳转系列血浆,AE亚型6套,B亚型1套,未分型1套,共含有36份样品。用HIV系列阳转血清盘评价发现四代抗原抗体联合检测试剂较三代抗体检测试剂具有更早的窗口期检测能力,前者评分9.4分,后者3.6分,差异具有统计学意义（t=8.547,P〈0.01）；部分国产四代试剂质量已经达到进口试剂的水平；核酸试剂的窗口期检测能力高于酶免试剂,在3套血清盘中至少提高2周以上；确认试剂的灵敏度低于血筛试剂的灵敏度；4/5四代试剂在检测感染早期样品时会出现检测信号值/界值（ S/CO）下降的情况,存在第二窗口期漏检风险。结论本研究建立了8套我国的HIV系列阳转血清盘,评价发现我国HIV血液筛查酶免诊断试剂窗口期检测能力存在差异。
Objective To establish HIV-1 seroconversion panels with the samples collected by National Institutes for Food and Drug Control （ NIFDC） and to evaluate the window periods of HIV enzyme immunoassay （ EIA） diagnostic kits used for blood screening with them. Methods Serum specimens were collected from different plasma donation stations in China. All suspected HIV infection specimens were screened for HIV by using the nucleic acid amplification testing （NAT）, Western blot confirmatory assay and P24 quantitative detection assay. The HIV env gene sequences were amplified by RT-PCR for further confirmation of HIV infection. The PCR products were sequenced and genotyped. The confirmed seroconver-sion panels were used to evaluate the early detection capabilities of the 4th and 3rd generation HIV EIA diag-nostic kits used in blood screening in china. Results A total of 8 sets of HIV seroconversion panels com-prised of 36 samples were confirmed in this study, including 6 sets of AE subtype, 1 set of B subtype and 1 set of unknown genotype. Those seroconversion panels were tested with HIV diagnostic kits produced by 19 different manufacturers. For the early detection of HIV infection, the 4th generation HIV diagnostic kits with a score of 9. 4 points were better than the 3rd generation HIV diagnostic kits whose score was 3. 6 points （P〈0. 01, t=8. 547）. Some of the domestic 4th generation HIV diagnostic kits were similar to the imported kits in the early detection of HIV infection. In terms of the diagnosis of HIV infection, the HIV-1 NAT was at least 2 weeks earlier than the HIV EIA diagnostic kits. The sensitivity of confirmatory assay was lower than that of the diagnostic kits. Four out of five 4th generation HIV diagnostic kits showed declined signal to cut off （ S/CO ） ratio , indicating the probability of false detection during the second window period . Conclusion Eight sets of NIFDC HIV-1 seroconversion panels were established in this study. With those panels we found that there were differences
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期528-533,共6页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
关键词
人类免疫缺陷病毒
诊断
窗口期
血液筛查
Human immunodeficiency virus
Diagnosis
Window period
Blood screening
