摘要
获得性再生障碍性贫血(AA)是一组表现为骨髓造血功能衰竭和全血细胞减少的异质性疾病。诊断时必须与先天性AA,如范可尼贫血、先天性角化不良、Shwachman-Diamond综合征等相鉴别。输血依赖非重型AA与重型AA(SAA)、极重型AA(VSAA)一样,如果存在家庭HLA相合(MFD)供者应首选造血干细胞移植,而抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)联合环孢素(CSA)治疗是无MFD供者患者的一线选择。对于非输血依赖非重型AA的治疗,多数血液学专家认为无需治疗仅给予支持治疗或观察,但部分研究显示经免疫抑制治疗后出现输血依赖和SAA进展率明显降低,因此有必要进行临床多中心研究。
Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare heterogeneous disease characterized by pancytopenia and hypoplastic bone marrow. The differential diagnosis should always take in account inherited forms of AA, like Fanconi anemia( FA), dyskeratosis - eongenita( DC ), and Shwachman - Diamond syndrome ( SDS ). Patient with transfusion - dependent non - severe aplastic anemia( NSAA), with severe AA (SAA) and very severe AA ( VSAA), if an human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched family donor(MFD) is found,then hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using bone marrow ( BM ) stem cells is the treatment of choice. If a MFD is not available , the immunosuppressive thera- py (IST) with the combination of antithymoeyte globulin(ATG) plus cyelosporin(CsA) still represents the first line choice. For transfusion - independent NSAA patients, most hematologists suggests no intervention, however, some studies indicate the patients with transfusion -independent NSAA may benefit from IST, and the rate of progression to SAA and transfusion - dependent NSAA is lower than other observation groups. So a muhieenter randomized clinical trial is needed.
出处
《中华实用儿科临床杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第15期1132-1135,共4页
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
基金
安徽高校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2012A168)
关键词
再生障碍性贫血
输血依赖
非输血依赖
诊断
治疗
Aplastic anemia
Transfusion - dependent
Non - transfusion - dependent
Diagnosis
Treatment