摘要
基于东北三省1961—2013年气象数据、《北方春玉米冷害评估技术规范(QX/T167—2012)行业标准》,结合具有生物学意义的热量指数,给出了东北三省低温冷害强度分级,利用经验正交函数(EOF)分解法和旋转经验正交函数(REOF)分解法分析了东北三省玉米低温冷害强度时空分布特征。结果表明:东北三省玉米低温冷害强度具有明显的空间分布特点,可分为全区一致型、南北反相位分布型以及东西反相位分布型。东北三省玉米低温冷害强度的时间变化具有较好的一致性,1961—2013年东北三省低温冷害的发生强度呈波动减小趋势。低温冷害强度区域差异显著,按照低温冷害强度强弱可分为黑龙江-吉林北部区(Ⅰ区)、吉林南部-辽宁北部区(Ⅲ区)和辽宁南部区(Ⅱ区)。研究结果可为东北三省低温冷害风险区划和采取有效的减灾避灾措施提供依据。
The classification and spatio-temporal distribution of maize chilling damage intensity in the three provinces of Northeast China were studied using the daily meteorological data from 1961to 2013, the chilling damage data presented in the Industry Standard：Technical Specification of Northern Spring Maize Chilling Damage Assessment （QX/T167-2012） as well as by empirical orthogonal function （EOF） and rotated EOF method. The results showed that the maize chilling damage intensity in the three provinces of Northeast China showed significant spatial difference, which could be divided in three categories：the regional consistency type, the anti-phase distribution type between northern and southern parts, and the anti-phase distribution type between eastern and western parts. The maize chilling damage intensity in the three provinces of Northeast China showed a consistent fluctuating pattern and a decreasing trend from 1961 to 2013. The maize chilling damage intensity displayed a significant regional difference, separating three sub-regions based on maize chilling damage intensity, i.e., the sub-region with the strongest chilling damage intensity including Heilongjiang Province and the northern part of Jilin Province （I sub-region）, the sub-region with the intermediate chilling damage intensity including the southern part of Jilin Province and the northern part of Liaoning Province （Ⅲ sub-region）, and the sub-region with the lowest chilling damage intensity in the southern part of Liaoning Province （Ⅱ sub-region）. The results presented herein will provide the scientific reference for maize chilling damage division and help establish countermeasures for coping with the negative effects of the maize chilling damage.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第14期4386-4394,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41330531)
江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新项目计划项目(CXLX13_497)
关键词
东北三省
玉米
低温冷害
时空特征
Northeast China
maize
chilling damage
spatio-temporal characteristics
