摘要
目的研究儿童口腔科门诊先天缺牙患者的临床特征和可能影响发病的因素。方法对2014年1—12月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院儿童口腔科就诊的16 320例患者进行先天缺牙的临床调查,针对先天缺牙的部位、数目及可能影响发病的因素等进行分析。结果 326例患者确诊为先天缺牙,占调查患者人数的2.0%。其中,多数牙缺失患者44例,平均缺牙数为(7.98±2.98)颗;个别牙缺失患者282例,平均缺牙数为(2.09±1.04)颗。多数牙缺失患者中具有家族遗传史者所占比例明显高于个别牙缺失患者。缺牙好发部位依次为下颌第二前磨牙、上颌第二前磨牙、上颌侧切牙、下颌中切牙、第一前磨牙、上颌尖牙。采用非条件Logistic回归对先天缺牙的可能影响因素进行分析,发现家族史是先天缺牙的危险因素(P<0.01),而患者父母的文化程度、母亲受孕年龄、母亲妊娠期放射线接触史及是否为早产儿等因素,均不是先天缺牙的影响因素(P>0.05)。结论先天缺牙多为个别牙缺失,好发部位主要为下颌第二前磨牙;多数牙缺失可能与家族遗传密切相关。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and possible related factors of tooth agenesis in the patients in the pediatric dentistry.Methods A total of 16320 children,who came to Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of Stomatology Hospital affiliated to China Medical University from January to December in 2014,were examined.The number,position and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results Totally 326 children were diagnosed with tooth agenesis,accounting for 2.0％.Among these patients,44 were oligodontia with the average number of missing teeth at 7.98 ±2.98,282 were hypodontia with the average number of missing teeth at 2.09 ± 1.04.The proportion of children with family history in oligodontia was significantly higher than that in hypodontia.Most of the missing teeth were located in the second mandibular premolar,followed by the second maxillary premolar,maxillary lateral incisor,mandibular central incisors,the first molar and maxillary cuspid.Influencing factors for tooth agenesis were analyzed by non-conditional Logistic regression.Family history was a risk factor for congenital missing teeth （P ＜ 0.01）.Parents＇ educational level,pregnancy age,history of radiation exposure during pregnancy and preterm birth were not the influencing factors for tooth agenesis （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusion Hypodontia is the most common type of tooth agenesis and the second mandibular premolars are predominantly affected.Oligodontia might be closely relate to genetic factor.
出处
《中国实用口腔科杂志》
CAS
2016年第6期344-347,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Stomatology
基金
辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2013225090)
沈阳市科学技术计划项目(F11-262-9-09)
关键词
先天缺牙
儿童口腔医学
临床调查
tooth agenesis
pediatric dentistry
clinical survey
