摘要
狗牙根(Cynodonspp.)是上海及周边地区常用的草坪草。在林草复合生态园林系统中,低养护管理水平条件下,草坪草中易滋生苔藓植物和杂草,严重降低草坪质量和景观效果。筛选狗牙根草坪草返青期高效安全的杀藓剂和除草剂,有利于控制苔藓和杂草的蔓延,使狗牙根草坪草具有正常返青生长的空间。于2014年3月至5月间,在上海交通大学闵行校区6年生矮生狗牙根草坪上,鉴定了市售的9种和自制的1种"侠1"化学药剂对苔藓植株和阔叶杂草的防治效果。同期进行了打孔与敷沙的试验,考察物理防治技术对杂草和苔藓植物生长的影响。结果表明,"拜力洁"和"侠1"对苔藓植物均有显著杀伤作用,以"侠1"的杀伤作用见效更快,在大约2min内使苔藓碳化,而"拜力洁"需要7d左右使苔藓褐化。高浓度(产品推荐浓度的6.2倍)的"能15"、"草怕"和"除阔"这3种药剂对早春狗牙根草坪中的阔叶杂草,主要为车前草(Plantago depressa)、天胡荽(Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides)和苦苣菜(Sonchus oleraceus)等的治除效果较好。而打孔与敷沙(3cm厚)物理技术措施在30d左右的短期内对苔藓和杂草的清除效果不明显。本研究结果将为退化狗牙根草坪草的复壮提供阔叶杂草与苔藓植物防治技术基础。
Bermudagrass（Cynodon spp. ）is commonly used in Shanghai and surrounding areas as turfgrass. In tree-shrub-grass composite garden ecosystem,mosses and weeds are easy to invade the grass under low maintain conditions,which decrease the turf quality severely. Screening highly efficient and safe moss killer agents and herbicides for bermudagrass turf management at its turning green stage is beneficial for its reviving growth with inhibiting the spreading of mosses and weeds. Effects of 9 commercial chemicals and one self-made moss killer agent named ＂Xia 1 ＇ on moss and weed control were tested in bermudagrass turfs of 6 year old between March and April of 2014. During the same period, an experiment of two factors of aerating and topdressing with sand on the turf was conducted and the influence of the physical managements on growth of mosses and weeds were observed. Results showed that both ＇Bailijie＇ and ＇Xia 1＇ could kill the moss effectively, but ＇Xia 1＇ killed the moss more quickly and blackened the moss in about two minutes,while ＇Bailijie＇ browned the mosses in about seven days. Three herbicides,＇ Neng 15＇, ＇Cao Pa（MCPA）＇ and ＇Chu Kuo＇ at high concentration（6.2 times the recommended concentrations）could kill the weeds mainly plantain （Plantago depressa ）, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and sonchus （Sonchus oleraceus）in bermudagrass in the early spring. However, topdressing with a 3 centimeter layer of sand after aerating had little effect on moss and weed inhibition in a 30-d short period after the conducting. The results of this study will provide the technology foundation for mosses and broadleaf weeds prevention and cure for the rejuvenation of the degraded lawns of bermudagrass.
出处
《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》
2016年第3期47-54,78,共9页
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)
关键词
狗牙根草坪
苔藓
阔叶杂草
防治技术
bermudagrass turf
mosses
broadleaf weeds
techniques of prevention and cure
