摘要
开展干旱区高山林线植被与土壤关系的研究,对干旱区乃至全球的林线成因和动态研究具有重要的理论意义。以新疆天山北坡三工河流域高山林线为研究区,结合林线植被特征,使用仪器监测数据、野外调查和实验室分析结果,对比研究不同海拔梯度和3种典型林线植被（云杉Picea schrenkiana Fisch.et Mey.、欧亚圆柏Sabina vulgaris Ant.和草地）覆被下土壤的湿度、温度、养分和其他特征。结果表明：随着海拔的升高,云杉下土壤深层（20-35 cm）湿度增加,表层（0-5 cm）湿度先降后升;夏季和春季,林线处表层土壤湿度由云杉向欧亚圆柏再向草地逐渐降低;在林线位置,生长季欧亚圆柏的深层土壤湿度明显大于云杉,冬季欧亚圆柏土壤表层温度大于云杉（温差10℃左右）。林线处土壤有效养分呈表聚现象,且云杉覆被的土壤有机质高于欧亚圆柏。林线处的植被分布可由水热条件、AK、p H和SOM进行高精度模拟;林线处的土壤属性是气候、植被和人类活动共同作用的结果。
It is theoretically important to carry out the study on alpine timberline vegetation and soil in arid region. In this study,the alpine timberline vegetation and soil in the Sangong River Basin on northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang,China were researched based on the long-term monitoring data and the field-investigated and laboratory results. The soil moisture content,temperature,nutrient content and other properties under three typical timberline vegetation types（ i. e. the Picea schrenkiana Fisch. et Mey.,Sabina vulgaris Ant. and grassland） in different elevation zones were compared. The results revealed that,with the increase of elevation,the moisture content in deep soil（ 20- 35 cm） under P. schrenkiana Fisch. et Mey. increased,but it in topsoil（ 0-5 cm） decreased at first and then increased. At the timberline,moisture content in deep soil under S. vulgaris Ant. was significantly higher than that under P. schrenkiana Fisch. et Mey. in plant growing season,and the topsoil temperature under S. vulgaris Ant. was higher than that under P. schrenkiana Fisch. et Mey.,and the temperature difference was about 10 ℃. A nutrient concentration occurred in topsoil,and the mean soil organic matter content under P. schrenkiana Fisch. et Mey. was higher than that under S. vulgaris Ant. The distribution of vegetation at the timberline could be accurately simulated with water and heat conditions,AK,p H and soil organic matter content. Soil properties at the timberline were jointly affected by climate,vegetation and human activities.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期780-788,共9页
Arid Zone Research
基金
贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合J字〔2014〕2126号)
贵州省科技合作计划(黔科合LH字〔2015〕7776号)
贵州师范大学博士基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40971066)
关键词
天山北坡
林线
土壤温度
土壤湿度
土壤养分
三工河流域
northern slope of Tianshan Mountains
timberline
soil temperature
soil moisture
soil nutrient
Sangong River Basin
