摘要
针对突发水污染灾害的特点,把应急处置工程决策纳入应急预警范畴,构建了拓展后的应急预警新框架,为应急处置小组等利益相关者提供系统化的信息支持。综合考虑污染物水溶性、挥发性、持久性和污染性等污染物自身属性及污染发生季节、发生位置和迁移特征等水环境属性,进行污染威胁度评估;进一步结合事故现场及河道沿岸等工况条件生成应急调控处置工程的启动准则。在南水北调中线工程"放水河节制闸-蒲阳河节制闸"典型渠段,以甲苯运输泄漏为事故情景,依托调水工程实际参数和实地调控处置设施,进行案例分析。该预警模式(突发污染应急调控启动判别模型)链接了污染输移、水力调控措施与应急调控处置措施,在传统以水质预测为主的污染预警基础上向减灾过程推进了一步,提供了更为完整的预警信息和决策建议。
According to the characteristics of water pollution,an early warning algorithm which guides the stakeholder emergency control treatment was developed. This algorithm can provide systematic information support to sensitive receiver.The water quality model and the threat degree index system are combined together. Based on these studies,a computer interface which can interact with the user is developed. A hypothetical accident with toluene truck overturned leakage on bridge in the section of Fangshui River-Puyang River in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was introduced in this study,first to estimate the leak and transport rule of toluene using one dimensional water quality model,then evaluate various indexes and determine the pollution levels and characteristics time using risk index evaluation system,and finally the emergency measures,which close the Fangshui regulating sluice and Puyang regulating sluice,and bring water to treatment facilities through the discharge reservoir sluice,were taken to deal with the water pollution. The early warning algorithm combines the contamination transport,hydraulic control measures and emergency disposal measures.And the algorithm also provides more complete early warning information and policy recommendations.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第6期123-128,共6页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07205-005
2012ZX07201003-002)
中国博士后科学基金(2014M551249)
关键词
突发水污染
应急调控处置
应急预警
威胁度指标体系
南水北调中线
river chemical spills
emergency control and disposal
emergency early-warning
index system of threat degree
the Middle Line of South-to-North Water Diversion Project
