摘要
采用盆栽试验研究普通化肥和缓释复合肥在适量和高量施肥下对大白甲和双尖莴笋光合特性、产量和品质的影响,以期为重庆地区高产优质莴笋生产中广泛应用缓释复合肥提供参考.本试验研究普通化肥和缓释复合肥的适量（150-50-100）和高量（225-75-150）施肥水平对2个品种莴笋产量、光合特性、硝酸盐、维生素C、糖组分和氨基酸组分的影响规律.试验结果表明,缓释复合肥适量（SRFO）和高量（SRFH）处理较普通化肥适量（CFO）和高量（CFH）处理显著改善2个品种莴笋叶片的光合特性,使气孔导度（Gs）增加43.3%~115%,胞间CO2质量分数（Ci）增加6.9%~24.4%,蒸腾速率（Tr）增加54.6%~143%.与普通化肥相比,缓释复合肥处理使2个品种莴笋茎和叶产量显著提高,茎增加8.1%~25.4%,叶增加8.1%~32.1%,以及硝酸盐质量分数显著降低,茎降低11.7%~18.1%,叶降低5.0%~17.0%.从整体趋势上看2个品种莴笋茎和叶维生素C、蔗糖、总糖、甜味氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸质量分数以缓释复合肥处理较好.缓释复合肥较普通化肥能使莴笋显著增强光合作用、提高产量和改善品质.
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of chemical fertilizer and slow-release compound fertilizer at the appropriate and high levels on photosynthetic characteristics;yield and quality of two varieties lettuce called Dabaijia and twin-tip lettuce,aiming to seek suitable management measures for the high yield and fine quality of lettuce production by using widely slow-release compound fertilizers in Chongqing region.It studied the effect law of common chemical fertilizer and slow-release compound fertilizer at appropriate（150-50-100）and high（225-75-150）levels on yield,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrate,vitamin C,sugar and amino of two varieties lettuce in the research.Results showed that the stomatal conductance（Gs）,internal CO2concentration（Ci）and transpiration rate（Tr）of two varieties lettuce in slow-release compound fertilizer treatments（SRFO and SRFH）increased by 43.3%-115%,6.9%-24.4% and 54.6%-143% respectively compared to chemical fertilizers treatments（CFO and CFH）.The yield of two varieties lettuce increased in slow-release compound fertilizer treatments by 8.1%-25.4%in stem and 8.1%-32.1%in leaf compared to chemical fertilizers treatments.Meanwhile,nitrate content in slow-release compound fertilizer treatments decreased by 11.7%-18.1% in stem and5.0%-17.0%in leaf.In both varieties of lettuce,the contents of Vc,sucrose,total sugar,sweet and flavor amino in slow-release compound fertilizer treatments were higher than that in chemical fertilizers treatments.Therefore,compared to chemical fertilizers,slow-release compound fertilizer could enhance photosynthetic characteristics,increase yield and improve quality of the two cultivars lettuce.
出处
《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期56-63,共8页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2007GB2F100266)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2012ZX07104-003)
关键词
缓释复合肥
莴笋
光合特性
品质性状
slow-release compound fertilizer
lettuce
photosynthetic characteristics
quality traits
