摘要
目的：分析深圳市学生结核病患者的流行病学特征，为完善深圳市学校结核病防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法，运用 SPSS 16.0软件对深圳市2009～2013年登记的392例学生结核病患者的发现、诊断、治疗和管理情况进行分析。结果2009～2013年深圳市学生肺结核登记发病率从9.79／10万下降至5.25／10万。男生发病数是女生的1.43倍，15－岁组病例最多（58.93％），第二季度高发（36.33％）。病人发现以转诊方式为主（60.20％），绝大多数是初治肺结核（99.23％）。学生肺结核患者的就诊延迟率为26.79％，明显低于全人群肺结核患者（40.18％），差异有统计学意义（χ2＝28.83，P ＜0.01）。学生涂阳患者2月末痰菌阴转率（88.29％）和治愈率（90.24％）均高于全人群肺结核患者（81.68％、84.26％），差异有统计学意义（χ2分别为4.13、9.42，P 值均＜0.05）。结论近5年来深圳市学生结核病疫情呈下降趋势，但仍存在一些薄弱环节，建议进一步重视学校健康促进，加强主动发现力度，提高学校结核病防控效果。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis among students from 2009 to 2013 in Shenzhen,and to provide evidence for school TB prevention.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of 392 school cases from detection,diagnosis,treatment to management,and SPSS 16.0 was used for data analysis.Results The notification rate of TB among students had decreased from 9.79 /100 000 in 2009 to 5.25 /100 000 in 2013.Male students were 1.43 times of female students.The majority of TB cases were from 15 to 20 years old.60.20% cases were referred from the medical institutions to the TB dispensa-ry.99.23% were initial pulmonary tuberculosis.The rate of delayed treatment （26.79%）was significantly lower than that in all PTB patients （χ2 =28.83,P 〈0.01）.The smear-positive patients in students got higher sputum neg-ative conversion rate 2 months after the treatment （88.29%）and cure rate （90.24%）than all PTB patients （81.68%,84.26%）（χ2 =4.13 /9.42,all P 〈0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of TB among Shenzhen students decreases during recently five years,but there is still some weaknesses.In order to improve the control effect,we should attach more importance to the health education and further strengthen the active case finding.
出处
《临床肺科杂志》
2016年第8期1496-1499,共4页
Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine
基金
“十二五”国家科技重大专项“深圳市宝安区广州市番禺区结核病防治示范区”(No 2012ZX10004-903)
深圳市科技计划项目(No JCYJ20140416103315869)
关键词
结核
肺/流行病学
学生
流行病学研究
深圳市
tuberculosis
pulmonary/epidemiology
students
epidemiologic studies
Shenzhen city
