摘要
通过复合取代试验设计,设置5个侵入梯度,模拟丝茅入侵高羊茅、草地早熟禾、多年生黑麦草3种冷季型草坪幼坪,测定草坪草单株生物量、相对产量、相对产量总和、攻击力和竞争力及株高、分蘖数、茎基和根系性状等指标,研究侵入量对3种草坪草竞争力及生长潜力影响的差异。结果表明,1)丝茅与草坪草为拮抗关系,3种草坪草相对产量、相对产量总和极显著受丝茅入侵的影响(P<0.01),随侵入量增加草坪草的攻击力指数和种间竞争力不断下降,草种是影响草坪草攻击力和竞争力的主要因子,丝茅侵入量次之,受影响顺序为高羊茅>早熟禾>黑麦草;2)丝茅草侵入对3种草坪草分蘖数、茎基性状和根系性状均有显著影响,对分生再生能力的影响顺序为早熟禾>黑麦草>高羊茅,对根长和根生物量影响顺序为黑麦草>早熟禾>高羊茅;3)幼苗期黑麦草的现实攻击力和竞争力显著大于高羊茅和早熟禾(P<0.05),丝茅入侵对黑麦草根系胁迫度显著大于高羊茅和早熟禾(P<0.05),致使其生长潜力降低;高羊茅竞争力和攻击力虽低,而茎基和根系性状受丝茅入侵影响显著低于黑麦草和早熟禾,保持了极高的潜在生长力;4)丝茅入侵对3种草坪草竞争力和生长潜力均有影响,必将导致草坪种群组成与结构的破坏。所以,加强草坪养护、防治丝茅入侵,是提高草坪品质、延长草坪寿命的根本途径。
A composite replacement experiment was carried out to analyze the effect of five substitution ratios of Imperata koenigii on competitiveness and growth potential of three species of cold season lawn grass（tall fescue,Kentucky bluegrass,perennial ryegrass）.Single plant biomass,relative yield,total relative yield,attack and competitiveness,plant height,tiller number,pseudostem and root traits,among others,were determined.I.koenigii substitution had an antagonistic effect on the lawn grasses.The substitution ratio of I.koenigii had a highly significant effect on relative yield and total relative yield of the 3species（P〈0.01）.With increasing substitution ratio of I.koenigii,the attack and competitiveness indexes of the lawn grasses were gradually reduced.Grass species was the main factor determining attack and competitiveness of lawn grass,and the three species tested ranked in order：tall fescue〉Kentucky bluegrass〉perennial ryegrass;the next most important factor was the substitution ratio of I.koenigii.The substitution ratio of I.koenigii had a significant effect on tiller number,pseudostem traits and root characteristics of the three lawn grass species（P〈0.05）.The ranking of the species for regeneration ability was Kentucky bluegrass〉perennial ryegrass〉tall fescue,while the ranking for root length and biomass was perennial ryegrass〉Kentucky bluegrass〉tall fescue.Attack and competitiveness index of ryegrass in the seedling stage was significantly greater than for tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass（P〈0.05）.The stress impact of I.koenigii substitution on roots of perennial ryegrass was significantly greater than that of the other two species（P〈0.05）,resulting in a decrease of perennial ryegrass growth potential.The competitiveness and attack of tall fescue was lower,than the other lawn grasses and I.koenigii substitution enhanced the stem and root traits of tall fescue to significantly lower than those of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass.Therefore,tall fescue had a ve
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期140-147,共8页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
四川省科技支撑计划(2011NZ0064)项目资助
关键词
冷季型草坪
丝茅草
攻击力
竞争力
生长潜力
cold-season lawn
Imperata koenigii
attack
competitiveness
growth potential
